Njira Yopangira Ma cellulose Ether

Ma cellulose ethers ndi zinthu zosunthika zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza zomangamanga, zamankhwala ndi zakudya. Kapangidwe ka cellulose ether ndizovuta kwambiri, kumaphatikizapo masitepe angapo, ndipo kumafuna ukatswiri wambiri ndi zida zapadera. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane njira yopangira ma cellulose ethers.

Gawo loyamba la kupanga cellulose ether ndikukonza zopangira. Zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma cellulose ether nthawi zambiri zimachokera ku zamkati zamatabwa ndi thonje lotayirira. Zinyalala zamatabwa zimaphwanyidwa ndikuwunikiridwa kuti zichotse zinyalala zazikulu zilizonse, pomwe zinyalala za thonje zimasinthidwa kukhala zamkati. Zamkatizo zimachepetsedwa kukula pogaya kuti zipeze ufa wabwino. Zida zamatabwa zaufa ndi thonje zotayidwa zimasakanizidwa pamodzi molingana ndi zomwe zimafunidwa za chinthu chomaliza.

Gawo lotsatira likukhudza kukonza mankhwala a feedstock osakaniza. Zamkati zimayamba kuthandizidwa ndi mankhwala a alkaline (nthawi zambiri sodium hydroxide) kuti aphwanye ulusi wa cellulose. Ma cellulose omwe amatsatira amathandizidwa ndi zosungunulira monga carbon disulfide kuti apange cellulose xanthate. Izi mankhwala ikuchitika mu akasinja ndi mosalekeza kotunga zamkati. The cellulose xanthate solution ndiye extruded kudzera extrusion chipangizo kupanga filaments.

Pambuyo pake, ulusi wa cellulose xanthate unkawomba mu bafa lomwe munali dilute sulfuric acid. Izi zimabweretsa kusinthika kwa unyolo wa cellulose xanthate, kupanga ulusi wa cellulose. Ulusi wa cellulose womwe wangopangidwa kumenewo amatsukidwa ndi madzi kuti achotse zonyansa zonse asanaziyeretse. Njira yoyeretsayi imagwiritsa ntchito hydrogen peroxide kuyeretsa ulusi wa cellulose, womwe umatsukidwa ndi madzi ndikuusiya kuti uume.

Ulusi wa cellulose ukauma, umalowa m'njira yotchedwa etherification. Njira ya etherification imaphatikizapo kuyambitsa magulu a ether, monga methyl, ethyl kapena hydroxyethyl magulu, mu ulusi wa cellulose. Njirayi ikugwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito etherification wothandizira ndi asidi wothandizira pamaso pa zosungunulira. Zochita nthawi zambiri zimachitika pansi pazikhalidwe zoyendetsedwa bwino za kutentha ndi kukakamizidwa kuti zitsimikizire zokolola zambiri za mankhwala ndi chiyero.

Panthawiyi, ether ya cellulose inali mu mawonekedwe a ufa woyera. Zomwe zimamalizidwa zimayesedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthuzo zikukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna komanso zomwe mukufuna, monga kukhuthala, kuyera kwazinthu komanso chinyezi. Kenako imapakidwa ndikutumizidwa kwa wogwiritsa ntchito.

Mwachidule, kupanga mapangidwe a cellulose ether kumaphatikizapo kukonzekera kwazinthu zopangira, chithandizo chamankhwala, kupota, kupukuta ndi etherification, ndikutsatiridwa ndi kuyesa kuwongolera khalidwe. Njira yonseyi imafuna zida zapadera komanso chidziwitso cha machitidwe a mankhwala ndipo ikuchitika pansi pazikhalidwe zoyendetsedwa bwino. Kupanga ma cellulose ethers ndizovuta komanso zowononga nthawi, koma ndizofunikira m'mafakitale ambiri.