Ufa wa putty umapangidwa makamaka ndi zinthu zomwe zimapanga filimu (zomangira zomangira), zodzaza, zosungira madzi, zowuma, zoziziritsa, ndi zina zambiri. Zida zopangira organic mu putty ufa makamaka zimaphatikizapo: mapadi, wowuma pregelatinized, wowuma ether, mowa wa polyvinyl, Dispersible latex powder, etc. Kagwiridwe kake ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka mankhwala osiyanasiyana amawunikidwa m'munsimu.
1: Tanthauzo ndi kusiyana kwa fiber, cellulose ndi cellulose ether
Ulusi (US: Fiber; English: Fiber) amatanthauza chinthu chopangidwa ndi ulusi wopitirira kapena wosapitirira. Monga ulusi wazomera, tsitsi lanyama, ulusi wa silika, ulusi wopangira, etc.
Cellulose ndi macromolecular polysaccharide wopangidwa ndi shuga ndipo ndiye gawo lalikulu la makoma a cell cell. Kutentha kwachipinda, mapadi sasungunuka m'madzi kapena m'madzi osungunulira. Ma cellulose omwe ali mu thonje amakhala pafupi ndi 100%, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale gwero lachilengedwe la cellulose. Mwambiri nkhuni, mapadi amawerengera 40-50%, ndipo pali 10-30% hemicellulose ndi 20-30% lignin. Kusiyana pakati pa cellulose (kumanja) ndi wowuma (kumanzere):
Nthawi zambiri, wowuma ndi mapadi ndi ma macromolecular polysaccharides, ndipo mawonekedwe a maselo amatha kufotokozedwa ngati (C6H10O5) n. Maselo a cellulose amalemera kwambiri kuposa wowuma, ndipo mapadi amatha kuwola kuti apange wowuma. Cellulose ndi D-glucose ndi β-1,4 glycoside Macromolecular polysaccharides yopangidwa ndi zomangira, pamene wowuma amapangidwa ndi α-1,4 glycosidic bond. Ma cellulose nthawi zambiri alibe nthambi, koma wowuma amakhala ndi nthambi za 1,6 glycosidic bond. Ma cellulose sasungunuka bwino m'madzi, pomwe wowuma amasungunuka m'madzi otentha. Ma cellulose samva kumva kwa amylase ndipo satembenukira buluu akakumana ndi ayodini.
Dzina lachingerezi la cellulose ether ndi cellulose ether, lomwe ndi gulu la polima lomwe limapangidwa ndi cellulose. Ndiwopangidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika pama cellulose (zomera) ndi etherification wothandizira. Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka mankhwala kagawo ka m'malo pambuyo pa etherification, imatha kugawidwa mu anionic, cationic ndi nonionic ethers. Kutengera ndi etherification agent yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, pali methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, benzyl cyanoethyl carulose cellulose, benzyl cyanoethyl carulose cellulose, ndi zina zotero. Pa ntchito yomanga, cellulose ether imatchedwanso cellulose, lomwe ndi dzina losakhazikika, ndipo limatchedwa cellulose (kapena ether) molondola. Kukhuthala kwa cellulose etha thickener Ma cellulose etha thickener ndi thickener sanali ayoni, amene thickens makamaka hydration ndi entanglement pakati mamolekyu. Unyolo wa polima wa cellulose ether ndiosavuta kupanga chomangira cha haidrojeni ndi madzi m'madzi, ndipo chomangira cha haidrojeni chimapangitsa kuti ikhale ndi ma hydration apamwamba komanso kulumikizidwa kwapakati.
Pamene cellulose ether thickener ikuwonjezeredwa ku utoto wa latex, imatenga madzi ochuluka, kuchititsa kuti voliyumu yake iwonjezere kwambiri, kuchepetsa malo omasuka a pigments, fillers ndi latex particles; panthawi imodzimodziyo, maunyolo a cellulose ether molekyulu amalumikizana kuti apange mawonekedwe a maukonde azithunzi zitatu, ndipo mtundu wa Fillers ndi latex particles amatsekedwa pakati pa mauna ndipo sangathe kuyenda momasuka. Pansi pa zotsatirazi ziwirizi, kukhuthala kwa dongosolo kumapangidwa bwino! Takwaniritsa makulidwe omwe timafunikira!
Ma cellulose wamba (ether): Nthawi zambiri, mapadi pamsika amatanthauza hydroxypropyl, hydroxyethyl imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati utoto, utoto wa latex, ndipo hydroxypropyl methylcellulose amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati matope, putty ndi zinthu zina. Carboxymethyl cellulose imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ufa wamba wa makoma amkati. Carboxymethyl cellulose, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, yomwe imatchedwa (CMC): Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndi ufa wopanda poizoni, wopanda fungo woyera wokhala ndi flocculent ufa wokhazikika ndipo umasungunuka mosavuta m'madzi. zamchere kapena zamchere mandala viscous madzi, sungunuka mu zomatira madzi sungunuka ndi utomoni, osasungunuka mu organic solvents monga Mowa. CMC angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati binder, thickener, suspending wothandizira, emulsifier, dispersant, stabilizer, sizing wothandizila, etc. Carboxymethyl mapadi (CMC) ndi mankhwala ndi linanena bungwe lalikulu, widest osiyanasiyana ntchito, ndi ntchito yabwino kwambiri pakati pa mapadi ethers. , omwe amadziwika kuti "industrial monosodium glutamate". Carboxymethyl cellulose imakhala ndi ntchito yomanga, kulimbitsa, kulimbikitsa, emulsifying, kusunga madzi ndi kuyimitsidwa. 1. Kugwiritsa ntchito sodium carboxymethyl cellulose m'makampani azakudya: sodium carboxymethyl cellulose sikuti imangokhala emulsification stabilizer ndi thickener muzakudya, komanso imakhala ndi kuzizira kwambiri komanso kusungunuka kosungunuka, ndipo imatha kusintha Kukoma kwa mankhwalawa kumatalikitsa nthawi yosungira. 2. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa sodium carboxymethyl cellulose m'makampani opanga mankhwala: angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati emulsion stabilizer kwa jekeseni, binder ndi mafilimu opanga mafilimu pamapiritsi m'makampani opanga mankhwala. 3. CMC ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati anti-kukhazikitsa wothandizira, emulsifier, dispersant, mlingo wothandizila, ndi zomatira kwa zokutira. Ikhoza kupanga zomwe zili zolimba za ❖ kuyanika kugawidwa mofanana mu zosungunulira, kuti zokutira zisakhale delaminate kwa nthawi yaitali. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri mu utoto. 4. Sodium carboxymethyl mapadi angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati flocculant, chelating agent, emulsifier, thickener, madzi posungira wothandizila, sizing wothandizila, filimu kupanga zinthu, etc. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri zamagetsi, mankhwala, zikopa, mapulasitiki, kusindikiza, ziwiya zadothi, Makampani opanga mankhwala ogwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku ndi magawo ena, komanso chifukwa cha magwiridwe ake abwino komanso magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana, ikupanga pulogalamu yatsopano nthawi zonse. m'minda, ndipo chiyembekezo cha msika ndi chachikulu kwambiri. Zitsanzo ntchito: kunja khoma putty ufa chilinganizo mkati khoma putty ufa chilinganizo 1 Shuangfei ufa: 600-650kg 1 Shuangfei ufa: 1000kg 2 White simenti: 400-350kg 2 Pregelatinized wowuma: 5-6kg 3 Pregelatinized wowuma: 5 -6kg 103 CMC: -15kg kapena HPMC2.5-3kg4 CMC: 10-15kg kapena HPMC2.5-3kg Putty ufa wowonjezera carboxymethyl cellulose CMC, pregelatinized starch performance: ① Ali ndi kufulumira kwachangu Kukhuthala; ntchito zomangira, ndi kusunga madzi ena; ② Kupititsa patsogolo luso loletsa kutsetsereka (kugwedezeka) kwa zinthuzo, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito azinthu, ndikupangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yosavuta; kutalikitsa nthawi yotsegulira zinthu. ③ Pambuyo poyanika, pamwamba pake imakhala yosalala, siigwa ufa, imakhala ndi zinthu zabwino zopanga mafilimu ndipo palibe zokopa. ④ Chofunika kwambiri, mlingo ndi wochepa, ndipo mlingo wochepa kwambiri ukhoza kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino; panthawi imodzimodziyo, ndalama zopangira zimachepetsedwa ndi 10-20%. M'makampani omanga, CMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma preforms a konkriti, omwe amatha kuchepetsa kutaya kwa madzi ndikuchita ngati cholepheretsa. Ngakhale pakumanga kwakukulu, imathanso kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya konkriti ndikuthandizira ma preforms kuti agwe pa nembanemba. Cholinga china chachikulu ndikupukuta khoma loyera ndi ufa wa putty, phala la putty, lomwe lingapulumutse zinthu zambiri zomangira ndikuwonjezera chitetezo ndi kuwala kwa khoma. Hydroxyethyl methylcellulose, yotchedwa (HEC): chilinganizo cha mankhwala:
1. Mau oyamba a hydroxyethyl mapadi: Hydroxyethyl mapadi (HEC) ndi non-ionic mapadi ether opangidwa kuchokera chilengedwe polima zinthu mapadi kudzera mndandanda wa ndondomeko mankhwala. Ndiwopanda fungo, wopanda pake, wopanda poizoni ufa woyera kapena granule, womwe ukhoza kusungunuka m'madzi ozizira kuti ukhale wowonekera bwino wa viscous solution, ndipo kusungunuka sikukhudzidwa ndi pH mtengo. Lili ndi kukhuthala, kumanga, kubalalitsa, emulsifying, kupanga mafilimu, kuyimitsa, kutsatsa, kugwiritsira ntchito pamwamba, kusunga chinyezi komanso kusamva mchere.
2. Zizindikiro zaumisiri Project muyezo Maonekedwe oyera kapena achikasu ufa Molar m'malo (MS) 1.8-2.8 Madzi osasungunuka kanthu (%) ≤ 0.5 Kutaya pa kuyanika (WT%) ≤ 5.0 Zotsalira pa kuyatsa (WT%) ≤ 5.0 PH mtengo 6.0- 8. Viscosity (mPa.s) 2%, 30000, 60000, 100000 yankho lamadzi pa 20 ° C Lachitatu, ubwino wa hydroxyethyl cellulose High thickening effect
● Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl amapereka zinthu zabwino kwambiri zokutira zokutira za latex, makamaka zokutira za PVA zapamwamba. Palibe flocculation yomwe imachitika pamene utoto uli wandiweyani.
● Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl amakhala okhuthala kwambiri. Itha kuchepetsa mlingo, kupititsa patsogolo chuma cha formula, ndikuwongolera kukana kwa scrub.
Zabwino kwambiri rheological properties
● Madzi amadzimadzi a hydroxyethyl cellulose ndi osakhala Newtonian system, ndipo katundu wa yankho lake amatchedwa thixotropy.
● M'malo osasunthika, mankhwalawa atatha kusungunuka, makina ophimba amasunga bwino kwambiri ndikutsegula.
● Pakutsanulira, dongosololi limakhala ndi viscosity yapakati, kotero kuti mankhwalawa ali ndi madzi abwino kwambiri ndipo sangawonongeke.
● Mukagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi burashi ndi roller, mankhwalawa amafalikira mosavuta pa gawo lapansi. Ndi yabwino yomanga. Pa nthawi yomweyi, imakhala ndi kukana kwabwino kwa splash.
● Potsirizira pake, kuphimba kutatha, kukhuthala kwa dongosolo kumabwereranso mwamsanga, ndipo kupaka nthawi yomweyo kumachepa.
Dispersibility ndi Solubility
● Hydroxyethyl cellulose imachiritsidwa ndi kuchedwa kusungunuka, komwe kungalepheretse kusakanikirana pamene ufa wowuma uwonjezedwa. Pambuyo poonetsetsa kuti ufa wa HEC umabalalika bwino, yambani hydration.
● Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl okhala ndi chithandizo choyenera chapamwamba amatha kusintha kuchuluka kwa kusungunuka ndi kukhuthala kwamphamvu kwa chinthucho.
kukhazikika kosungirako
● Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl ali ndi zinthu zabwino zolimbana ndi nkhungu ndipo amapereka nthawi yokwanira yosungira utoto. Amateteza bwino ma pigment ndi fillers kuti akhazikike. 4. Mmene Mungagwiritsire Ntchito: (1) Onjezani mwachindunji popanga Njirayi ndiyosavuta ndipo imatenga nthawi yochepa kwambiri. Mayendedwe ake ndi awa: 1. Thirani madzi oyera mu chidebe chachikulu chokhala ndi chowuzira chometa ubweya wambiri. 2. Yambani kusonkhezera mosalekeza pa liwiro lotsika ndikusefa pang'onopang'ono hydroxyethyl cellulose mu yankho mofanana. 3. Pitirizani kuyambitsa mpaka tinthu tating'onoting'ono tanyowa. 4. Kenaka yikani wothandizira antifungal ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana. Monga inki, dispersing zothandizira, ammonia madzi, etc. 5. Limbikitsani mpaka onse hydroxyethyl mapadi kusungunuka kwathunthu (kukhuthala kwa yankho kumawonjezera kwambiri) pamaso kuwonjezera zigawo zina mu chilinganizo chochitira. (2) Konzekerani mowa wamayi kuti mudzamwere: Njira imeneyi ndi yopangira mowa wa mayi wochuluka kaye, kenako n’kuwonjezerapo. Ubwino wa njirayi ndikuti umakhala ndi kusinthasintha kwakukulu ndipo ukhoza kuwonjezeredwa mwachindunji ku mankhwala omalizidwa, koma ayenera kusungidwa bwino. Masitepewo ndi ofanana ndi masitepe (1-4) mu njira (1): kusiyana kwake ndikuti palibe chowotcha chometa ubweya wambiri chomwe chimafunikira, oyambitsa ena okha omwe ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti hydroxyethyl cellulose iwonongeke mofanana mu yankho, pitirizani kuyambitsa mpaka kusungunuka kwathunthu. mu njira ya viscous. Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti antifungal wothandizira ayenera kuwonjezeredwa kwa mowa wa amayi mwamsanga. V. Kugwiritsa ntchito 1. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumadzi opangidwa ndi latex utoto: HEC, monga colloid yotetezera, ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization kuti ikhale yokhazikika ya dongosolo la polymerization mumitundu yambiri ya pH. Popanga zinthu zomalizidwa, zowonjezera monga ma pigment ndi ma fillers amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti azibalalitsa mofanana, kukhazikika ndikupereka zotsatira zokulitsa. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati dispersant kwa ma polima oyimitsidwa monga styrene, acrylate, ndi propylene. Kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu utoto wa latex kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kukhuthala ndi magwiridwe antchito. 2. Pankhani ya kubowola mafuta: HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener m'matope osiyanasiyana omwe amafunikira pobowola, kukonza bwino, kukonza bwino simenti ndi fracturing ntchito, kuti matope azitha kupeza madzi abwino komanso okhazikika. Limbikitsani mphamvu yonyamula matope panthawi yobowola, ndikuletsa madzi ambiri kuti asalowe mumatope a mafuta, ndikukhazikitsa mphamvu yopangira mafuta. 3. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga nyumba ndi zomangira: Chifukwa cha mphamvu yake yosungira madzi, HEC ndi yolimba kwambiri komanso yomangira simenti slurry ndi matope. Ikhoza kusakanikirana mumatope kuti ipititse patsogolo ntchito ya fluidity ndi zomangamanga, komanso kuti madzi azikhala nthawi yayitali, Kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu ya konkire ndikupewa ming'alu. Itha kupititsa patsogolo kusungirako madzi ndi mphamvu yomangirira ikagwiritsidwa ntchito popaka pulasitala, pulasitala yomangira, ndi pulasitala. 4. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mankhwala otsukira mano: chifukwa cha kukana kwambiri mchere ndi asidi, HEC ikhoza kutsimikizira kukhazikika kwa mankhwala otsukira mano. Kuonjezera apo, mankhwala otsukira m'mano si ophweka kuumitsa chifukwa cha kusunga madzi amphamvu ndi emulsifying mphamvu. 5. Ikagwiritsidwa ntchito mu inki yamadzi, HEC imatha kupangitsa inkiyo kuuma mwachangu komanso yosatha. Kuphatikiza apo, HEC imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri posindikiza nsalu ndi utoto, kupanga mapepala, mankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku ndi zina zotero. 6. Njira zopewera kugwiritsa ntchito HEC: a. Hygroscopicity: Mitundu yonse ya hydroxyethyl cellulose HEC ndi hygroscopic. Madzi nthawi zambiri amakhala pansi pa 5% pochoka kufakitale, koma chifukwa cha mayendedwe osiyanasiyana ndi malo osungira, madzi amakhala ochulukirapo kuposa pochoka kufakitale. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, ingoyezerani madzi ndikuchotsa kulemera kwa madzi powerengera. Musayiwonetse kumlengalenga. b. Fumbi la ufa limaphulika: ngati organic ufa ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose fumbi ufa ali mu mlengalenga pa mlingo wakutiwakuti, iwonso amaphulika akakumana ndi moto mfundo. Ntchito yoyenera iyenera kuchitidwa kuti mupewe fumbi la ufa mumlengalenga momwe mungathere. 7. Zolembapo: Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi thumba la pulasitiki lopangidwa ndi pepala lokhala ndi thumba lamkati la polyethylene, lolemera 25 kg. Kusunga m'malo mpweya wabwino ndi youma m'nyumba pamene kusunga, ndi kulabadira chinyezi. Samalani ndi chitetezo cha mvula ndi dzuwa panthawi yoyendetsa. Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, yotchedwa (HPMC): hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ndi ufa woyera wopanda fungo, wosakoma, wopanda poizoni, pali mitundu iwiri ya pompopompo komanso yopanda nthawi, nthawi yomweyo, ikakumana ndi madzi ozizira, imathamanga mwachangu. amabalalitsa ndikuzimiririka m'madzi. Panthawi imeneyi, madzi alibe mamasukidwe akayendedwe. Pambuyo pa mphindi 2, kukhuthala kwamadzimadzi kumawonjezeka, ndikupanga mawonekedwe a viscous colloid. Mtundu wosakhala wanthawi yomweyo: Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu za ufa wouma monga ufa wa putty ndi matope a simenti. Sichingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu guluu wamadzimadzi ndi utoto, ndipo padzakhala clumping.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-26-2022