Kodi ntchito yosunga madzi yosakanikirana ndi gypsum powder imagwira ntchito bwanji?
Yankho: pulasitala gypsum, gypsum omangika, caulking gypsum, gypsum putty ndi zina zomangamanga ufa zipangizo ntchito. Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomanga, ma gypsum retarders amawonjezeredwa panthawi yopanga kuti atalikitse nthawi yomanga gypsum slurry. A retarder amawonjezeredwa kuti aletse njira ya hydration ya hemihydrate gypsum. Mtundu woterewu wa gypsum slurry uyenera kusungidwa pakhoma kwa maola 1 mpaka 2 usanakhazikike, ndipo makoma ambiri amakhala ndi mayamwidwe amadzi, makamaka makoma a njerwa, kuphatikiza makoma a Air-concrete, matabwa opaka porous ndi zina zatsopano zopepuka. zipangizo zapakhoma, kotero kuti gypsum slurry iyenera kusungidwa ndi madzi kuti madzi asasunthike pakhoma, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi asowe. gypsum slurry amaumitsa komanso kusakwanira madzi okwanira. Kwathunthu, kuchititsa kulekana ndi zipolopolo za olowa pakati pulasitala ndi pamwamba khoma. Kuwonjezera kwa wothandizira madzi ndi kusunga chinyezi chomwe chili mu gypsum slurry, kuonetsetsa kuti hydration ya gypsum slurry imayenderana ndi mawonekedwe, kuti atsimikizire mphamvu yolumikizana. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira madzi ndi ma cellulose ethers, monga: methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose (HEMC), etc. ufa wapadziko lapansi wosowa, ndi zina zotere zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kukonza kasungidwe ka madzi.
Ziribe kanthu kuti ndi mtundu wanji wosunga madzi womwe ungathe kuchedwetsa kuchuluka kwa hydration ya gypsum mpaka madigiri osiyanasiyana, kuchuluka kwa retarder sikunasinthe, wosunga madzi amatha kuchedwetsa kwa mphindi 15-30. Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa retarder kumatha kuchepetsedwa moyenera.
Kodi mlingo woyenera wa chosungira madzi mu gypsum powder material ndi uti?
Yankho: Zosungira madzi nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga zinthu za ufa monga pulasitala gypsum, gypsum yomangira, caulking gypsum, ndi gypsum putty. Chifukwa mtundu uwu wa gypsum wothira ndi retarder, amene linalake ndipo tikulephera hydration ndondomeko hemihydrate gypsum, m`pofunika Kuchita madzi posungira mankhwala pa gypsum slurry kuteteza mbali ya madzi mu slurry kusamutsa ku khoma, chifukwa kusowa kwa madzi ndi hydration yosakwanira pamene gypsum slurry yaumitsidwa. Kuwonjezera kwa wothandizira madzi ndi kusunga chinyezi chomwe chili mu gypsum slurry, kuonetsetsa kuti hydration ya gypsum slurry imayenderana ndi mawonekedwe, kuti atsimikizire mphamvu yolumikizana.
Mlingo wake nthawi zambiri umakhala 0.1% mpaka 0.2% (yowerengera gypsum), pomwe gypsum slurry imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakoma okhala ndi mayamwidwe amphamvu amadzi (monga konkire ya aerated, matabwa a perlite insulation, midadada ya gypsum, makoma a njerwa, ndi zina), ndi Pokonzekera zomangira gypsum, caulking gypsum, pamwamba pulasitala gypsum kapena pamwamba woonda putty, kuchuluka kwa madzi kusunga Wothandizira ayenera kukhala wamkulu (nthawi zambiri 0.2% mpaka 0.5%).
Zomwe zimasunga madzi monga methyl cellulose (MC) ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) zimakhala zosungunuka, koma zimapangika m'magawo oyamba zikasungunuka mwachindunji m'madzi. Madzi osungira madzi ayenera kusakanizidwa kale ndi gypsum powder kuti abalalike. Konzani mu ufa wouma; kuwonjezera madzi ndi kusonkhezera, tiyeni tiyime kwa mphindi 5, akuyambitsa kachiwiri, zotsatira bwino. Komabe, pakali pano pali mankhwala a cellulose ether omwe amatha kusungunuka mwachindunji m'madzi, koma amakhala ndi zotsatira zochepa pakupanga matope a ufa wouma.
Kodi chotchinga madzi chimagwira bwanji ntchito yoletsa madzi mu thupi lolimba la gypsum?
Yankho: Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya othandizira oletsa madzi amachita ntchito yawo yopanda madzi mu thupi lolimba la gypsum molingana ndi machitidwe osiyanasiyana. Kwenikweni tinganene mwachidule m'njira zinayi izi:
(1) Chepetsani kusungunuka kwa thupi lolimba la gypsum, onjezerani mphamvu yochepetsetsa, ndikusintha pang'ono calcium sulfate dihydrate yokhala ndi kusungunuka kwakukulu mu thupi lolimba kukhala mchere wa calcium ndi kusungunuka kochepa. Mwachitsanzo, saponified synthetic fatty acid yomwe ili ndi C7-C9 imawonjezeredwa, ndipo mlingo woyenerera wa quicklime ndi ammonium borate amawonjezedwa nthawi imodzi.
(2) Pangani filimu yosanjikiza madzi kuti mutseke pores zabwino za capillary mu thupi lolimba. Mwachitsanzo, kusakaniza parafini emulsion, phula emulsion, rosin emulsion ndi paraffin-rosin composite emulsion, bwino phula composite emulsion, etc.
(3) Sinthani mphamvu ya pamwamba ya thupi lolimba, kuti mamolekyu amadzi azikhala ogwirizana ndipo sangathe kulowa muzitsulo za capillary. Mwachitsanzo, mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamafuta a silicone amaphatikizidwa, kuphatikiza mafuta osiyanasiyana a silicone emulsified.
(4) Kupyolera mu zokutira zakunja kapena kuviika kuti mulekanitse madzi kuti asamizidwe mumtsinje wa capillary wa thupi lowumitsidwa, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya silicone yotchinga madzi ingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ma silicones opangidwa ndi zosungunulira ndi abwino kuposa ma silicone okhala ndi madzi, koma akale amapangitsa kuti mpweya wowuma wa gypsum ukhale wochepa.
Ngakhale magwero osiyanasiyana oletsa madzi angagwiritsidwe ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kutetezedwa kwa madzi kwa zida zomangira za gypsum m'njira zosiyanasiyana, gypsum akadali chinthu chowumitsa mpweya, chomwe sichiyenera kukhala panja kapena nyengo yayitali yachinyontho, ndipo ndi yoyenera kumadera omwe amasinthasintha. yonyowa ndi youma zinthu.
Kodi kusinthidwa kwa gypsum yomanga ndi wothandizira woletsa madzi ndi chiyani?
Yankho: Pali njira ziwiri zazikulu zogwirira ntchito za gypsum waterproofing agent: imodzi ndiyo kuonjezera coefficient yofewetsa mwa kuchepetsa kusungunuka, ndipo ina ndiyo kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa madzi kwa zipangizo za gypsum. Ndipo kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwamadzi kumatha kuchitika pazigawo ziwiri. Imodzi ndikuwonjezera kulimba kwa gypsum yolimba, ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwamadzi kwa gypsum mwa kuchepetsa porosity ndi ming'alu yamapangidwe, kuti apititse patsogolo kukana kwamadzi kwa gypsum. Zina ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya pamwamba pa thupi lolimba la gypsum, ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwa madzi kwa gypsum popanga pore pamwamba pa filimu ya hydrophobic.
Zoletsa madzi zomwe zimachepetsa porosity zimagwira ntchito poletsa ma pores abwino a gypsum ndikuwonjezera kuphatikizika kwa thupi la gypsum. Pali admixtures ambiri kuchepetsa porosity, monga: parafini emulsion, phula emulsion, rosin emulsion ndi paraffin phula gulu composite emulsion. Mankhwala oletsa madziwa amathandiza kuchepetsa porosity ya gypsum pansi pa njira zoyenera zokonzekera, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo, amakhalanso ndi zotsatira zoipa pa mankhwala a gypsum.
Chodziwikiratu chothamangitsa madzi chomwe chimasintha mphamvu yapamtunda ndi silicone. Ikhoza kulowa pa doko la pore iliyonse, kusintha mphamvu ya pamwamba pamtunda wina wautali, ndipo motero kusintha njira yolumikizirana ndi madzi, kupanga mamolekyu amadzi osakanikirana kuti apange madontho, kulepheretsa kulowa kwa madzi, kukwaniritsa cholinga cha madzi, ndi nthawi yomweyo kukhala Air permeability wa pulasitala. Mitundu ya mtundu uwu wa wothandizira madzi amaphatikizapo: sodium methyl siliconate, silicone resin, emulsified silicone mafuta, etc. kulowetsedwa kwa madzi oponderezedwa, ndipo sikungathe kuthetsa mavuto a nthawi yayitali opanda madzi ndi chinyezi cha zinthu za gypsum.
Ofufuza m'nyumba ntchito njira kaphatikizidwe organic zipangizo ndi inorganic zipangizo, kutanthauza, zochokera organic emulsion madzi wothandizila akapezedwa co-emulsification wa polyvinyl mowa ndi stearic asidi, ndi kuwonjezera alum mwala, naphthalenesulfonate aldehyde condensate A mtundu watsopano wa gypsum gulu lopanda madzi. wothandizila amapangidwa powonjezera mchere woletsa madzi. The gypsum gulu waterproofing wothandizira akhoza mwachindunji wothira gypsum ndi madzi, kutenga nawo mbali mu crystallization ndondomeko gypsum, ndi kupeza bwino madzi zotsatira.
Kodi choletsa choletsa madzi a silane pa efflorescence mu matope a gypsum ndi chiyani?
Yankho: (1) Kuphatikizika kwa silane yotchinga madzi kumatha kuchepetsa kwambiri kuchuluka kwa efflorescence ya matope a gypsum, ndipo kuchuluka kwa efflorescence kuletsa kwa matope a gypsum kumawonjezeka ndi kuwonjezereka kwa silane yowonjezera mkati mwamitundu ina. Mphamvu yoletsa ya silane pa 0.4% silane ndi yabwino, ndipo zotsatira zake zoletsa zimakhala zokhazikika pamene ndalamazo zimadutsa ndalamazi.
(2) Kuwonjezera kwa silane sikumangopanga hydrophobic wosanjikiza pamwamba pa matope kuti ateteze kulowetsedwa kwa madzi akunja, komanso amachepetsa kusuntha kwa lye wamkati kuti apange efflorescence, yomwe imapangitsa kuti chiwonongeko cha efflorescence chikhale bwino.
(3) Ngakhale kuti kuwonjezera silane kwambiri linalake ndipo tikulephera efflorescence, alibe zotsatira zoipa pa makina katundu wa mafakitale ndi mankhwala gypsum matope, ndipo sikumakhudza mapangidwe kapangidwe mkati ndi komaliza kubala mphamvu ya mafakitale ndi mankhwala gypsum youma. -sakanizani zipangizo zomangira .
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-22-2022