Zowonjezera zosinthidwa monga zowonjezera matope okonzeka, ma cellulose ethers, coagulation regulators, redispersible latex powder, air-entraining agents, oyambirira mphamvu zothandizira, zochepetsera madzi, ndi zina zotero, zomwe zimawonjezedwa malinga ndi zosowa za polojekitiyi, zimasintha kwambiri ntchito. zamatope osakaniza okonzeka. Thupi ndi makina katundu.
1. Chowonjezera chosakaniza chamatope
The anionic surfactant yomwe ili muzowonjezera matope okonzeka mu polojekitiyi imatha kupanga tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta simenti kumwazikana, kumasula madzi aulere ophatikizidwa ndi simenti yophatikizana, kufalitsa misa ya simenti yophatikizika, ndikuyikhetsa kwathunthu kuti ikwaniritse kapangidwe kake ndi onjezerani kachulukidwe ka matope. Mphamvu, kupititsa patsogolo kusasunthika, kukana ming'alu ndi kulimba. Mtondo wosakanizidwa ndi zowonjezera zowonongeka zamatope zimakhala ndi ntchito yabwino, kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira madzi, mphamvu yogwirizana, yopanda poizoni, yopanda vuto, yotetezeka komanso yosamalira chilengedwe panthawi yogwira ntchito. Ndi yoyenera kupanga zomangira wamba, pulasitala, nthaka, ndi matope osalowa madzi m'mafakitale osakanizika amatope. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pomanga ndi kumanga njerwa zadongo za konkriti, njerwa za ceramsite, njerwa zopanda kanthu, midadada ya konkire, njerwa zosawotchedwa m'nyumba zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale ndi zaboma. Kumanga pulasitala mkati ndi kunja, kukhoma konkriti, kuyika pansi ndi denga, matope osalowa madzi, etc.
2. Ma cellulose ether
Mumatope osakaniza okonzeka, cellulose ether ndi chowonjezera chachikulu chomwe chingathe kusintha kwambiri ntchito ya matope onyowa komanso kukhudza ntchito yomanga matope. Kusankhidwa koyenera kwa ma cellulose ethers amitundu yosiyanasiyana, ma viscosity osiyanasiyana, makulidwe osiyanasiyana a tinthu, magawo osiyanasiyana a mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kuchuluka kowonjezera kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pakuchita bwino kwa matope owuma a ufa.
Kupanga kwa cellulose ether kumapangidwa makamaka ndi ulusi wachilengedwe kudzera kusungunuka kwa alkali, kulumikiza zomwe zimachitika (etherification), kutsuka, kuyanika, kumiza ndi njira zina. Popanga zida zomangira, makamaka matope a ufa wowuma, ether ya cellulose imagwira ntchito yosasinthika, makamaka popanga matope apadera (matope osinthidwa), ndi gawo lofunikira komanso lofunikira. Cellulose ether imagwira ntchito yosunga madzi, kukhuthala, kuchedwetsa mphamvu ya simenti ya hydration, ndikuwongolera ntchito yomanga. Kusunga madzi abwino kumapangitsa kuti simenti ikhale yokwanira, imatha kusintha kukhuthala konyowa kwamatope, kuonjezera mphamvu yomangirira yamatope, ndikusintha nthawi. Kuonjezera cellulose ether ku makina kupopera matope matope akhoza kupititsa patsogolo kupopera kapena kupopera ntchito ndi structural mphamvu ya matope. Chifukwa chake, ether ya cellulose ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chowonjezera chofunikira mumatope osakaniza okonzeka. Ma cellulose ether omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumatope osakaniza okonzeka amakhala makamaka methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether ndi methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether. , amatenga zoposa 90% ya gawo la msika.
3. Redispersible latex ufa
Redispersible latex ufa ndi powdery thermoplastic utomoni wopezedwa ndi kutsitsi kuyanika ndi kukonzanso wotsatira wa polima emulsion. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pomanga, makamaka matope owuma a ufa kuti awonjezere mgwirizano, mgwirizano ndi kusinthasintha.
Udindo wa ufa wa latex wopangidwanso mumatope: ufa wa latex wopangidwanso umapanga filimu pambuyo pa kubalalika ndipo umakhala ngati chomatira chachiwiri kuti chiwonjezere kumamatira; colloid yoteteza imatengedwa ndi matope ndipo sichidzawonongedwa ndi madzi pambuyo pa kupanga filimu Kapena dispersions awiri; utomoni wa polima wopangidwa ndi filimu umagawidwa mu matope onse monga kulimbikitsa, motero kumawonjezera mgwirizano wa matope.
Redispersible latex ufa mu chonyowa matope akhoza kusintha ntchito yomanga, kusintha otaya ntchito, kuonjezera thixotropy ndi sag kukana, kusintha mgwirizano, kutalikitsa lotseguka nthawi, kumapangitsanso madzi posungira, etc. Pambuyo matope anachiritsidwa, akhoza kusintha kumakokedwe mphamvu. Kulimba kwamphamvu, kulimbitsa mphamvu yopindika, kuchepetsedwa kwa modulus zotanuka, kupunduka bwino, kuchulukira kwazinthu, kukhathamira kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu, kulimba kwamphamvu, kuchepa kwakuya kwa carbonization, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwamadzi kwazinthuzo, ndikupangitsa kuti zinthuzo zikhale zabwino kwambiri zothamangitsira madzi Madzi ndi zina. zotsatira.
4. Air-entraining wothandizira
Air-entraining wothandizira, wotchedwanso air-entraining wothandizila, amatanthauza kukhazikitsidwa kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tating'onoting'ono tomwe timagawanitsa panthawi yosakaniza matope, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa kugwedezeka kwamadzi mumtondo, zomwe zimabweretsa kubalalitsidwa bwino. ndi kuchepetsedwa kwamatope osakaniza. Kutaya magazi, kulekanitsa zowonjezera. Kuphatikiza apo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma thovu abwino komanso okhazikika a mpweya kumathandizanso ntchito yomanga. Kuchuluka kwa mpweya woyambitsidwa kumadalira mtundu wa matope ndi zida zosakaniza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ngakhale kuchuluka kwa mpweya-entraining wothandizila ndi laling'ono kwambiri, mpweya-entraining wothandizila ali ndi chikoka chachikulu pa ntchito ya matope okonzeka osakaniza, amene angathe bwino kusintha workability wa okonzeka osakaniza matope, kusintha impermeability ndi chisanu kukana matope. , ndi kuchepetsa kachulukidwe matope , kupulumutsa zipangizo ndi kuonjezera malo omanga, koma kuwonjezera mpweya-entraining wothandizira kuchepetsa mphamvu ya matope, makamaka compressive matope. Malumikizidwe mphamvu kudziwa mulingo woyenera kwambiri mlingo.
5. Wothandizira mphamvu zoyambirira
Wothandizira mphamvu woyambirira ndi chowonjezera chomwe chimatha kufulumizitsa kukula kwa mphamvu yoyambirira ya matope, ambiri mwa iwo ndi ma electrolyte osakhazikika, ndipo ena ndi ma organic compounds.
The accelerator kwa matope okonzeka osakaniza amafunika kukhala powdery ndi youma. Calcium formate ndi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumatope osakaniza okonzeka. Calcium formate imatha kusintha mphamvu yoyambirira ya matope, ndikufulumizitsa hydration ya tricalcium silicate, yomwe imatha kuchepetsa madzi kumlingo wina. Komanso, mawonekedwe a calcium formate amakhala okhazikika kutentha. Sizosavuta kuphatikizira ndipo ndizoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mumatope owuma a ufa.
6. Madzi ochepetsa madzi
Madzi kuchepetsa wothandizira amatanthauza chowonjezera chimene chingachepetse kuchuluka kwa kusakaniza madzi pansi pa chikhalidwe kusunga kugwirizana kwa matope kwenikweni chimodzimodzi. Chochepetsera madzi nthawi zambiri chimakhala chowongolera, chomwe chitha kugawidwa kukhala chochepetsera madzi wamba, zochepetsera madzi bwino kwambiri, zochepetsera madzi am'mayambiriro, zochepetsera madzi mochedwa, zochepetsera madzi mwachangu komanso zochepetsera madzi molingana ndi ntchito zawo. .
Chochepetsera madzi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga matope okonzeka osakaniza chiyenera kukhala cha ufa ndi chowuma. Chotsitsa madzi choterechi chingathe kumwazikana mofanana mumatope a ufa wouma popanda kuchepetsa moyo wa alumali wa matope okonzeka osakaniza. Pakali pano, kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kuchepetsa wothandizila mu matope okonzeka wothira zambiri simenti kudziletsa leveling, gypsum kudziona leveling, pulasitala matope, madzi matope, putty, etc. Kusankha madzi kuchepetsa wothandizira zimadalira zosiyanasiyana zopangira ndi osiyana. katundu wamatope. Sankhani.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-10-2023