Kuphatikizika kumodzi kumakhala ndi malire pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a gypsum slurry. Ngati ntchito ya matope a gypsum ndi kukwaniritsa zotsatira zokhutiritsa ndikukwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito, zosakaniza za mankhwala, zosakaniza, zodzaza, ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana ziyenera kuwonjezeredwa ndi kuthandizidwa mwasayansi komanso moyenera.
01. Coagulation regulator
Ma coagulation owongolera amagawika m'ma retarders ndi ma accelerator. Mu matope osakanikirana a gypsum, ma retarders amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zokonzedwa ndi pulasitala wa Paris, ndipo ma accelerator amafunikira pazinthu zokonzedwa ndi gypsum anhydrous kapena mwachindunji kugwiritsa ntchito dihydrate gypsum.
02. Wobwezera
Kuonjezera retarder ku gypsum youma-kusakaniza zipangizo zomangira zimalepheretsa hydration njira ya hemihydrate gypsum ndi kutalikitsa nthawi yokhazikitsa. Pali zinthu zambiri za hydration pulasitala, kuphatikizapo gawo zikuchokera pulasitala, kutentha kwa pulasitala zakuthupi pokonzekera mankhwala, tinthu fineness, kuika nthawi ndi pH mtengo wa mankhwala okonzeka, etc. Chinthu chilichonse chimakhala ndi chikoka pa retarding kwenikweni. , kotero pali kusiyana kwakukulu mu kuchuluka kwa retarder muzochitika zosiyanasiyana. Pakalipano, retarder yabwino ya gypsum ku China ndi mapuloteni osinthidwa (mapuloteni apamwamba), omwe ali ndi ubwino wa mtengo wotsika, nthawi yayitali, kutaya mphamvu pang'ono, kupanga zinthu zabwino, komanso nthawi yayitali yotseguka. Ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga pulasitala yapansi-pansi nthawi zambiri zimakhala 0.06% mpaka 0.15%.
03. Coagulant
Kufulumizitsa slurry yoyambitsa nthawi ndikutalikitsa kuthamanga kwa slurry ndi imodzi mwa njira zothamangitsira thupi. Ma coagulants omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzinthu zomangira ufa wa anhydrite amaphatikiza potaziyamu chloride, potassium silicate, sulfate ndi zinthu zina za asidi. Mlingo nthawi zambiri ndi 0.2% mpaka 0.4%.
04. Wosungira madzi
Zipangizo zomangira za Gypsum dry-mix sizimasiyanitsidwa ndi osunga madzi. Kupititsa patsogolo kusungirako madzi kwa gypsum product slurry ndikuwonetsetsa kuti madzi atha kukhalapo mu gypsum slurry kwa nthawi yayitali, kuti apeze kuuma kwa hydration. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yomangira zida zomangira ufa wa gypsum, kuchepetsa ndikuletsa kulekanitsa komanso kukhetsa magazi kwa gypsum slurry, kukonza kutsika kwa slurry, kutalikitsa nthawi yotsegulira, ndikuthana ndi zovuta zaukadaulo monga kung'amba ndi kubowola zonse sizingasiyanitsidwe ndi zosunga madzi. Kaya wosungira madzi ndi abwino zimadalira makamaka dispersibility, instant solubility, moldability, kukhazikika kutentha ndi thickening katundu, amene index yofunika kwambiri ndi kusunga madzi.
Pali mitundu inayi yosungira madzi:
①Cellulosic yosungira madzi
Pakadali pano, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika ndi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kutsatiridwa ndi methyl cellulose ndi carboxymethyl cellulose. Ntchito yonse ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi yabwino kuposa ya methylcellulose, ndipo kusungidwa kwa madzi kwa awiriwa ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa a carboxymethylcellulose, koma kukhuta kwake ndi zotsatira zomangira ndizoipa kuposa za carboxymethylcellulose. Mu zomangira zosakanikirana ndi gypsum, kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl ndi methyl cellulose nthawi zambiri kumakhala 0.1% mpaka 0.3%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa carboxymethyl cellulose ndi 0.5% mpaka 1.0%. Zitsanzo zambiri zogwiritsira ntchito zimatsimikizira kuti kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi kwa awiriwa kuli bwino.
② Wosunga madzi wowuma
Wowuma madzi wosungira madzi amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka gypsum putty ndi pamwamba pulasitala pulasitala, ndipo akhoza m'malo mbali kapena zonse mapalo wosungira madzi. Kuphatikizira chosungira madzi owuma pazida zomangira za ufa wa gypsum kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kugwira ntchito, kugwira ntchito, komanso kusasinthika kwa slurry. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri posunga madzi owuma ndi monga tapioca starch, pregelatinized starch, carboxymethyl starch, ndi carboxypropyl starch. Kuchuluka kwa wowuma wosunga madzi wosunga madzi nthawi zambiri kumakhala 0.3% mpaka 1%. Ngati kuchuluka kwake kuli kwakukulu, kumayambitsa mildew ya zinthu za gypsum m'malo onyowa, zomwe zidzakhudza kwambiri ntchitoyo.
③ Chosungira madzi chomatira
Zomatira zina pompopompo zitha kugwiranso ntchito yabwino posungira madzi. Mwachitsanzo, 17-88, 24-88 polyvinyl mowa ufa, Tianqing chingamu ndi guar chingamu amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gypsum youma zomangira zosakaniza monga gypsum, gypsum putty, ndi gypsum insulation guluu. Ikhoza kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa cellulose madzi posungira wothandizira. Makamaka mu gypsum yolumikizana mwachangu, imatha kulowa m'malo mwa cellulose ether yosungira madzi nthawi zina.
④ Zipangizo zosungira madzi
Kugwiritsa ntchito kuphatikizira zinthu zina zosungira madzi muzomangamanga zosakanikirana ndi gypsum kumatha kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zina zosungira madzi, kuchepetsa mtengo wazinthu, komanso kuchitapo kanthu pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwa gypsum slurry. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazachilengedwe zosungira madzi zimaphatikizapo bentonite, kaolin, nthaka ya diatomaceous, ufa wa zeolite, ufa wa perlite, dongo la attapulgite, etc.
05.Zomatira
Kugwiritsa ntchito zomatira pazida zomangira zosakanikirana ndi gypsum ndikwachiwiri kwa osunga madzi ndi ochepetsa. Gypsum self-leveling mortar, gypsum yomangika, caulking gypsum, ndi guluu wa gypsum Insulation gypsum zonse sizimasiyanitsidwa ndi zomatira.
▲ Redispersible latex ufa
Redispersible latex ufa chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu gypsum kudziona mlingo matope, gypsum kutchinjiriza pawiri, gypsum caulking putty, etc. Makamaka mu gypsum kudziona leveling matope, akhoza kusintha mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi fluidity wa slurry, komanso amathandiza kwambiri kuchepetsa delamination, kupewa magazi, komanso kukulitsa kukana kwa ming'alu. Mlingo nthawi zambiri ndi 1.2% mpaka 2.5%.
▲ Instant polyvinyl mowa
Pakali pano, mowa wa polyvinyl womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamsika ndi 24-88 ndi 17-88. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga kumanga gypsum, gypsum putty, gypsum composite thermal insulation compound, ndi pulasitala. 0.4% mpaka 1.2%.
Guar chingamu, Tianqing chingamu, carboxymethyl cellulose, starch ether, etc. zonse ndi zomatira zomwe zimakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana zomangira muzomangamanga zosakanikirana ndi gypsum.
06. Wokhuthala
Kukhuthala makamaka kumapangitsa kuti gypsum slurry ikhale yogwira ntchito komanso yonyowa, yomwe ili yofanana ndi zomatira ndi zosunga madzi, koma osati kwathunthu. Zina mwazinthu zokhuthala zimakhala zogwira mtima kukhuthala, koma sizoyenera potengera mphamvu yolumikizana komanso kusunga madzi. Pamene kupanga gypsum youma ufa zomangira, udindo waukulu wa admixtures ayenera kuganiziridwa mokwanira kuti ntchito admixtures bwino ndi wololera. Zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo polyacrylamide, Tianqing chingamu, guar chingamu, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc.
07. Wothandizira mpweya
Air-entraining agent, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti foaming agent, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazomangira zosakanikirana ndi gypsum monga gypsum insulation compound ndi pulasitala. Air-entraining agent (foaming agent) amathandizira kukonza zomangamanga, kukana ming'alu, kukana chisanu, kuchepetsa magazi ndi kulekanitsa, ndipo mlingo nthawi zambiri umakhala 0.01% mpaka 0.02%.
08. Defoamer
Defoamer nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mumatope odziyimira pawokha a gypsum ndi gypsum caulking putty, omwe amatha kusintha kachulukidwe, mphamvu, kukana madzi komanso kulumikizana kwa slurry, ndipo mlingo nthawi zambiri ndi 0.02% mpaka 0.04%.
09. Wochepetsera madzi
Madzi kuchepetsa wothandizira amatha kusintha fluidity wa gypsum slurry ndi mphamvu ya gypsum anaumitsa thupi, ndipo kawirikawiri ntchito gypsum kudziona levelile matope ndi pulasitala pulasitala. Pakali pano, zochepetsera madzi opangidwa m'nyumba zimayikidwa molingana ndi mphamvu zawo zamadzimadzi ndi mphamvu: zochepetsera madzi za polycarboxylate, zochepetsera madzi za melamine, zochepetsera madzi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi tiyi, ndi zochepetsera madzi za lignosulfonate. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zochepetsera madzi muzomangamanga za gypsum dry-mix, kuphatikiza pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi mphamvu, chidwi chiyenera kuperekedwanso pakuyika nthawi komanso kutaya kwa madzi kwa zida zomangira gypsum pakapita nthawi.
10. Woteteza madzi
Vuto lalikulu la zinthu za gypsum ndi kusamva bwino kwa madzi. Madera omwe ali ndi chinyezi chambiri amakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pakukana madzi kwa matope osakanikirana a gypsum. Nthawi zambiri, kukana kwamadzi kwa gypsum yolimba kumatheka powonjezera ma hydraulic admixtures. Pankhani yamadzi onyowa kapena odzaza, kuwonjezera kwakunja kwa ma hydraulic admixtures kumatha kupangitsa kuti chitsulo chofewa cha thupi lolimba la gypsum chifike kupitirira 0,7, kuti mukwaniritse zofunikira zamphamvu zamagetsi. Zosakaniza za Chemical zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa gypsum (ndiko kuti, kuonjezera kufewetsa kokwanira), kuchepetsa kutsekemera kwa gypsum kumadzi (ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mayamwidwe amadzi) ndikuchepetsa kukokoloka kwa thupi lolimba la gypsum (ndiko kuti, kuchepetsa kuyamwa kwamadzi) , kudzipatula kwa madzi). Zida zoteteza madzi za Gypsum ndi monga ammonium borate, sodium methyl siliconate, utomoni wa silikoni, sera ya paraffin yopangidwa ndi emulsified, ndi silicone emulsion yotchinga madzi yogwira ntchito bwino.
11. Chochititsa chidwi
Kutsegula kwa ma anhydrite achilengedwe ndi mankhwala kumapereka kumamatira ndi mphamvu zopangira gypsum dry-mix zomangira. The activator asidi akhoza imathandizira mlingo woyambirira wa hydration wa anhydrous gypsum, kufupikitsa nthawi yokhazikitsira, ndi kusintha mphamvu oyambirira a gypsum anaumitsa thupi. The activator woyambira ali ndi zotsatira zochepa pa mlingo oyambirira hydration wa anhydrous gypsum, koma akhoza kwambiri kusintha mphamvu kenako gypsum anaumitsa thupi, ndipo akhoza kukhala mbali ya hayidiroliki gelling zakuthupi mu gypsum anaumitsa thupi, mogwira kuwongolera kukana madzi a. gypsum anaumitsa thupi kugonana. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa asidi-base pawiri activator ndikwabwino kuposa kwa acidic imodzi kapena yoyambira activator. Zolimbikitsa za Acid zimaphatikizapo potaziyamu alum, sodium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ndi zina zotero. Zoyambitsa zamchere zimaphatikizapo quicklime, simenti, simenti clinker, calcined dolomite, etc.
12. Mafuta a Thixotropic
Mafuta a Thixotropic amagwiritsidwa ntchito podzipangira okha gypsum kapena pulasitala gypsum, yomwe ingachepetse kukana kwa matope a gypsum, kutalikitsa nthawi yotseguka, kuteteza kusanjika ndi kukhazikika kwa slurry, kotero kuti slurry ikhoza kupeza mafuta abwino komanso ogwira ntchito. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, thupi la thupi limakhala lofanana, ndipo mphamvu yake yapamwamba imawonjezeka.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-20-2023