Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ndi polima yosunthika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera. Pagululi ndi lochokera ku cellulose, polima wachilengedwe wopezeka m'makoma a cellulose. Kaphatikizidwe ka HPMC kumaphatikizapo kuchiza mapadi ndi propylene oxide kuyambitsa magulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methyl chloride kuyambitsa magulu a methyl. Polima wopangidwayo amawonetsa zinthu zambiri zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale opangira mankhwala, zomangamanga, zakudya ndi zina.
1. Kapangidwe kake ndi kapangidwe kake:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi semi-synthetic polima yokhala ndi mapangidwe ovuta a mankhwala. Msana wa polima umapangidwa ndi cellulose, mzere wozungulira wa mamolekyu a glucose olumikizidwa ndi β-1,4-glycosidic bond. Gulu la hydroxypropyl limayambitsidwa ndikusintha gulu la hydroxyl (-OH) ndi gulu la propyl, ndipo gulu la methyl limayambitsidwa chimodzimodzi. Digiri ya m'malo (DS) imayimira kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methyl pamtundu uliwonse wa shuga ndipo imakhudza kusungunuka, kukhuthala, komanso kutentha kwa polima.
2. Kusungunuka:
Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino za HPMC ndikusintha kwake. Zimasungunuka m'madzi ozizira komanso otentha, zomwe zimapatsa ubwino wapadera pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kusungunuka kumatha kusinthidwa ndikusintha kuchuluka kwa m'malo ndi kulemera kwa ma polima. Katunduyu amapangitsa HPMC kukhala munthu wabwino kwambiri pamakina operekera mankhwala otulutsidwa, komwe kutayika kumatenga gawo lofunikira pakutulutsa mankhwala.
3. Makanema:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imapezeka m'magulu osiyanasiyana a viscosity, malingana ndi zinthu monga kulemera kwa maselo, mlingo wolowa m'malo, ndi ndende ya yankho. Kukhuthala kwa mayankho a HPMC kumawalola kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikiza mankhwala, monga zokhuthala mumitundu yamadzimadzi, komanso ngati zida zopangira filimu zokutira.
4. Kupanga mafilimu:
Mphamvu yopanga filimu ya HPMC ndi yofunika kwambiri pa ntchito monga zokutira mankhwala osokoneza bongo, komwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti apereke chitetezo kuti aphimbe kukoma kwa mankhwala, kulamulira kutulutsidwa kwa mankhwala, ndi kukonza bata. Mafilimu a HPMC ndi omveka bwino komanso osinthika, ndipo katundu wawo akhoza kusinthidwa ndi kusintha ndende ya polima, kulemera kwa maselo ndi zinthu za plasticizer.
5. Kutentha kwa kutentha:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imawonetsa kukhazikika kwamafuta mkati mwa kutentha kwapadera. Thermal katundu amakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga mlingo wa m'malo, molecular kulemera, ndi kukhalapo kwa plasticizers. Zinthu izi zimapangitsa HPMC kukhala yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito komwe kukhazikika kwamafuta ndikofunikira, monga kukonzekera kwamankhwala osamva kutentha kwamankhwala.
6. Biocompatibility:
M'minda yamankhwala ndi biomedical, biocompatibility ndiyofunikira pazida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka mankhwala. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati yotetezeka ndipo imakhala ndi kuyanjana kwabwino. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mafomu a mlingo wapakamwa, mayankho a ophthalmic ndi njira zoperekera mankhwala zoyendetsedwa bwino.
7. Kusunga madzi ndi makulidwe:
Kutha kwa HPMC kusunga madzi ndi kukhuthala kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira muzomangamanga monga zopangira simenti. M'mapulogalamuwa, HPMC imagwira ntchito ngati chosungira madzi, kuwongolera kusinthika komanso kupewa kuyanika kwazinthuzo msanga. Zonenepa zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zazakudya kuti ziwonjezere kununkhira komanso kumva kwapakamwa.
8. Kasamalidwe ka mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndikupangira njira zoperekera mankhwala zoyendetsedwa mokhazikika. Kusungunuka kwa polima, kukhuthala kwake, komanso kupanga filimu kumathandizira kutulutsidwa kwamankhwala mosalekeza, ndikupangitsa kuti mankhwala azipereka mosalekeza. Izi ndizopindulitsa makamaka pakuwongolera kutsata kwa odwala komanso kuchepetsa zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zimagwirizanitsidwa ndi kutulutsidwa kwamankhwala mwachangu.
9. Kukhazikika pansi pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pH:
HPMC imawonetsa kukhazikika pamitundu yambiri ya pH, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera pamapangidwe omwe amafunikira kukhazikika pansi pa acidic kapena zamchere. Katunduyu ndi wopindulitsa pazamankhwala chifukwa mapangidwe a mankhwala amatha kukumana ndi ma pH osiyanasiyana m'matumbo am'mimba.
10. Makhalidwe a Rheological:
Makhalidwe a rheological a mayankho a HPMC ndi ofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito komwe kumayenda kumakhala kofunikira, monga popanga zokutira, zomatira ndi ma gels. Makhalidwe a rheological amatha kusinthidwa ndikusintha ndende ndi kulemera kwa maselo a HPMC kuti akwaniritse mawonekedwe otaya omwe amafunikira pakuwongolera ma e-control.
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yakhala polima yofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwake kwapadera kwa kusungunuka, mamasukidwe akayendedwe, luso lopanga mafilimu komanso kuyanjana kwachilengedwe. Kusinthasintha kwake kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku mankhwala ndi zomangamanga kupita ku zakudya ndi zodzoladzola. Pamene ofufuza akupitiriza kufufuza njira zatsopano ndi ntchito, katundu wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose mosakayikira athandizira kupita patsogolo m'magawo osiyanasiyana, kuwonetsetsa kufunikira kwake kopitilira mu sayansi ndi mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-10-2024