Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi chinthu chofunikira chochokera ku cellulose ether chomwe chakhala chikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ambiri chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera akuthupi ndi mankhwala. Kukhuthala kwake ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri za HPMC, zomwe zimakhudza magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.
1. Basic katundu wa HPMC
HPMC ndi nonionic cellulose etha anapezedwa m'malo mbali ya magulu hydroxyl (-OH) mu cellulose molekyulu ndi magulu methoxy (-OCH3) ndi magulu hydroxypropyl (-OCH2CH (OH) CH3). Lili ndi kusungunuka kwabwino m'madzi ndi zosungunulira za organic, zomwe zimapanga njira zowonekera za colloidal. Kukhuthala kwa HPMC kumatsimikiziridwa makamaka ndi kulemera kwake kwa maselo, digiri ya kusintha (DS, Degree of Substitution) ndi kugawa m'malo.
2. Kutsimikiza kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe a HPMC
Kukhuthala kwa mayankho a HPMC nthawi zambiri kumayesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito viscometer yozungulira kapena capillary viscometer. Poyezera, chidwi chiyenera kulipidwa ku ndende, kutentha ndi kumeta ubweya wa yankho, chifukwa zinthuzi zingakhudze kwambiri mtengo wa viscosity.
Kukhazikika kwa mayankho: Kukhuthala kwa HPMC kumawonjezeka ndikuwonjezeka kwa ndende ya yankho. Pamene ndende ya HPMC yankho ndi yotsika, kugwirizana pakati pa mamolekyu kumakhala kofooka ndipo mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi otsika. Pamene ndende ikuwonjezeka, kusakanikirana ndi kuyanjana pakati pa ma molekyulu kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa viscosity.
Kutentha: The mamasukidwe akayendedwe a HPMC mayankho ndi tcheru kwambiri kutentha. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kumawonjezeka, kukhuthala kwa njira ya HPMC kudzachepa. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumayambitsa kusuntha kwa ma cell komanso kufooka kwa ma intermolecular. Kuyenera kudziŵika kuti HPMC ndi madigiri osiyana m'malo ndi maselo kulemera ndi tilinazo osiyana kutentha.
Kumeta ubweya wa ubweya: Mayankho a HPMC amasonyeza khalidwe la pseudoplastic (kumeta ubweya wa ubweya), mwachitsanzo, kukhuthala kwake kumakhala kokwera kwambiri pamitengo yotsika kwambiri ya kumeta ubweya ndipo kumachepetsanso kumeta ubweya wambiri. Khalidweli limachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu zometa ubweya zomwe zimagwirizanitsa maunyolo a molekyulu motsatira njira yakumeta ubweya, potero amachepetsa kulumikizidwa ndi kuyanjana pakati pa mamolekyu.
3. Zomwe zimakhudza kukhuthala kwa HPMC
Kulemera kwa maselo: Kulemera kwa maselo a HPMC ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zofunika kwambiri zomwe zimatsimikizira kukhuthala kwake. Nthawi zambiri, kukula kwa mamolekyu olemera, kumapangitsanso kukhuthala kwa yankho. Izi zili choncho chifukwa mamolekyu a HPMC omwe ali ndi kulemera kwakukulu kwa maselo amatha kupanga maukonde otsekedwa, motero amawonjezera kukangana kwa mkati mwa yankho.
Kuchuluka kwa kulowetsa m'malo ndi kugawa m'malo: Chiwerengero ndi kugawa kwa methoxy ndi hydroxypropyl m'malo mwa HPMC kumakhudzanso kukhuthala kwake. Nthawi zambiri, kukweza kwa methoxy substitution (DS), kumachepetsa kukhuthala kwa HPMC, chifukwa kuyambitsa kwa methoxy substituents kudzachepetsa mphamvu yolumikizira haidrojeni pakati pa mamolekyu. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa zolowa m'malo mwa hydroxypropyl kumawonjezera kuyanjana kwa ma intermolecular, motero kumakulitsa kukhuthala. Kuphatikiza apo, kugawa yunifolomu kwa olowa m'malo kumathandizira kupanga njira yokhazikika yothetsera ndikuwonjezera kukhuthala kwa yankho.
pH mtengo wa yankho: Ngakhale HPMC ndi polima si ionic ndipo kukhuthala kwake sikukhudzidwa ndi kusintha kwa pH ya yankho, ma pH apamwamba kwambiri (a acidic kwambiri kapena amchere kwambiri) angayambitse kuwonongeka kwa kapangidwe ka maselo. HPMC, motero zimakhudza mamasukidwe akayendedwe.
4. Magawo ogwiritsira ntchito a HPMC
Chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwake kwakukulu, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo ambiri:
Zipangizo zomangira: Pazomangira, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera komanso chosungira madzi kuti ipititse patsogolo ntchito yomanga ndikuwonjezera kukana kwa ming'alu.
Makampani opanga mankhwala: M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomangira mapiritsi, chopangira filimu cha makapisozi ndi chonyamulira cha mankhwala osatha.
Makampani azakudya: HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera komanso chokhazikika m'makampani azakudya popanga ayisikilimu, odzola ndi mkaka.
Zamankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku: Pazinthu zamankhwala zatsiku ndi tsiku, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener ndi stabilizer popanga shampu, gel osamba, otsukira mano, ndi zina zambiri.
Makhalidwe a mamasukidwe akayendedwe a HPMC ndi maziko a magwiridwe antchito ake osiyanasiyana. Poyang'anira kulemera kwa maselo, kuchuluka kwa m'malo, ndi njira zothetsera HPMC, kukhuthala kwake kungasinthidwe kuti zigwirizane ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito. M'tsogolomu, kafukufuku wozama paubwenzi pakati pa kapangidwe ka maselo a HPMC ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe amathandizira kupanga zinthu za HPMC ndikuchita bwino ndikukulitsa magawo ake ogwiritsira ntchito.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-20-2024