Monga chilengedwe cha polima, cellulose imakhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana popanga. Amachokera makamaka ku makoma a maselo a zomera ndipo ndi imodzi mwazinthu zambiri zamoyo padziko lapansi. Ma cellulose amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga mapepala, nsalu, mapulasitiki, zomangira, mankhwala, chakudya ndi mafakitale ena chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera a mamolekyu, kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso zinthu zabwino kwambiri zakuthupi ndi zamankhwala.
1. Makampani opanga mapepala
Makampani opanga mapepala ndiye gawo lalikulu la cellulose. Ulusi wa zomera ukhoza kupangidwa kukhala zamkati pambuyo pochiza ndi makina kapena mankhwala. Ma cellulose amapereka mphamvu komanso kulimba ngati gawo lalikulu pakuchita izi. Popanga mapepala, kuyamwa kwamadzi, kusalala ndi kulimba kwa pepala kumatha kuwongoleredwa ndikuwonjezera zowonjezera zamankhwala ndikugwiritsa ntchito mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya fiber. Kutuluka kwa mapepala obwezerezedwanso kumagogomezeranso kukhazikika ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa cellulose, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yopindulitsa kwambiri pazinthu zoteteza chilengedwe.
2. Makampani opanga nsalu
Ulusi wa cellulose (monga thonje) umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga nsalu monga zida zoyambira zopangira nsalu. Ulusi wa thonje uli ndi cellulose yoposa 90%, yomwe imapangitsa kuti ikhale yofewa, ya hygroscopic, yopuma mpweya ndi zina zabwino kwambiri, zoyenera kupanga mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zovala. M'zaka zaposachedwa, ulusi wa cellulose ukhoza kupangidwa ndi mankhwala kuti upangire ulusi wa cellulose wopangidwanso monga ulusi wa viscose ndi ulusi wa modal, ndikukulitsa kugwiritsa ntchito kwa cellulose m'makampani opanga nsalu. Ulusiwu siwofewa komanso womasuka, komanso uli ndi antibacterial komanso biodegradable properties.
3. Bioplastics ndi biodegradable materials
Ma cellulose amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapulasitiki owonongeka m'makampani apulasitiki, yomwe ndi imodzi mwamagawo ofunikira ofufuza kuti athetse vuto la "kuipitsa koyera". Pogwiritsa ntchito ma cellulose mu cellulose acetate kapena cellulose ether, angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mafilimu apulasitiki a eco-wochezeka, tableware, etc. Zinthuzi zimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwamankhwala ndi zinthu zakuthupi, ndipo ndizosavuta kuwononga chilengedwe, kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwachilengedwe. zinyalala pulasitiki pa chilengedwe chilengedwe.
4. Zida zomangira
M'makampani omanga, mapadi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga matabwa a simenti, fiber reinforced gypsum board ndi zida zotchinjiriza matenthedwe. Kuphatikiza ulusi wa cellulose ndi zida zina kumatha kukulitsa kukana kwawo, kulimba kwamphamvu, ndikuwongolera kutchinjiriza kwamafuta ndi kutsekereza mawu. Mwachitsanzo, cellulose matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zakuthupi ndi chilengedwe wochezeka matenthedwe kutchinjiriza zakuthupi. Pobaya jekeseni wa cellulose kapena tinthu tating'onoting'ono pakhoma la nyumbayo, imatha kutsekereza ndikuchepetsa phokoso, ndipo mawonekedwe ake achilengedwe oteteza tizilombo kumapangitsa kuti izigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga.
5. Makampani opanga zakudya ndi mankhwala
Zochokera ku cellulose monga carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) ndi methyl cellulose (MC) zilinso ndi ntchito zofunika m'mafakitale azakudya ndi mankhwala. Carboxymethyl cellulose imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati thickener, stabilizer ndi emulsifier muzakudya, pomwe methyl cellulose nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati disintegrant m'mapiritsi chifukwa cha kumamatira kwake komanso kuyanjana kwachilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, ma cellulose amathanso kuwonjezeredwa ku chakudya ngati ulusi wazakudya kuti athandize anthu kukhala ndi thanzi labwino m'matumbo.
6. Makampani opanga zodzoladzola
Cellulose nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener ndi stabilizer mu zodzoladzola. Mwachitsanzo, cellulose wamba wa carboxymethyl ndi cellcrystalline cellulose amatha kukulitsa kukhuthala ndi kukhazikika kwa zodzoladzola ndikupewa kusanjika kwa zosakaniza. Kuonjezera apo, kuwonongeka ndi kusakhala ndi poizoni wa cellulose kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa, mankhwala osamalira khungu ndi zodzoladzola.
7. Zinthu zachilengedwe ndi zosefera
Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka porous komanso kutulutsa bwino kwa cellulose, imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzosefera. Ma cellulose membranes ndi cellulose nanofibers amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu kusefera kwa mpweya, kuyeretsa madzi komanso kukonza madzi onyansa a mafakitale. Zida zosefera za cellulose sizingangochotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono, komanso zimakongoletsa zinthu zovulaza, ndi zabwino zachitetezo chapamwamba komanso kuteteza chilengedwe. Kuphatikiza apo, kafukufuku wogwiritsa ntchito ma cellulose nanofibers amapangitsa kuti ikhale ndi kuthekera kwakukulu m'makampani azosefera komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.
8. Munda wa mphamvu
Cellulose biomass nayonso yakopa chidwi kwambiri pantchito yamagetsi. Selulosi amatha kupanga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa monga bioethanol ndi biodiesel kudzera biodegradation ndi nayonso mphamvu. Poyerekeza ndi mphamvu ya petrochemical, zinthu zoyaka moto za biomass mphamvu ndizogwirizana ndi chilengedwe komanso zogwirizana ndi lingaliro lachitukuko chokhazikika. Ukadaulo wopanga ma cellulose biofuel ukukula pang'onopang'ono, ndikupereka mwayi watsopano wamagetsi oyera mtsogolo.
9. Kugwiritsa ntchito nanotechnology
Ma cellulose nanofibers (CNF) ndikupita patsogolo kofunikira pakufufuza kwa cellulose m'zaka zaposachedwa. Chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zambiri, kachulukidwe kakang'ono komanso kuyanjana kwabwino kwachilengedwe, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kuphatikizika kwa cellulose nanofibers kumatha kupititsa patsogolo kwambiri makina azinthu zophatikizika, ndipo poyerekeza ndi ma nanomatadium ena, ma cellulose nanofibers amatha kusinthika komanso kuwonongeka, kotero ali ndi kuthekera kwakukulu pazida zamagetsi, masensa, implants zamankhwala ndi zida zapamwamba.
10. Kusindikiza ndi inkjet luso
Mu makina osindikizira ndi a inkjet, zotumphukira za cellulose zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kuchuluka kwa inki ndi kutsatsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kusindikiza kukhale kofanana. Mu inki yosindikizira ya inkjet, mapadi amatha kupanga mitundu yodzaza komanso yomveka bwino. Kuonjezera apo, kuwonekera ndi mphamvu za cellulose zimatha kupititsa patsogolo mapepala osindikizidwa komanso kuchepetsa kufalikira kwa inki, motero kupanga zosindikizidwa zamtundu wapamwamba.
Monga zinthu zongowonjezwdwanso komanso zowonongeka za polima zachilengedwe, cellulose yakhala imodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri popanga zamakono. Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kwakukulu m'magawo osiyanasiyana kumawonetsa kusiyanasiyana kwake komanso kuteteza chilengedwe, ndipo kumalimbikitsa kusintha kobiriwira kwa mafakitale ambiri. M'tsogolomu, ndi chitukuko chosalekeza cha sayansi ndi zamakono komanso kupititsa patsogolo kwa cellulose nanotechnology, kugwiritsa ntchito cellulose kudzakhala kosiyana kwambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-01-2024