Zotsukira zamadzimadzi ndi mtundu wamba wazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa m'nyumba. Amachokera kumadzi ndipo amatha kuchotsa bwino dothi, mafuta ndi zonyansa zina. Kuti apititse patsogolo luso lawo logwiritsa ntchito, nthawi zambiri amafunika kusinthidwa kuti akhale ndi viscosity yoyenera. Kukhuthala kwa detergent sikuyenera kukhala kochepa kwambiri, mwinamwake kumathamanga mofulumira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zovuta kulamulira kuchuluka kwake, ndipo zidzamva "zochepa" zikagwiritsidwa ntchito; koma sayenera kukhala yokwera kwambiri, chifukwa ikhoza kukhala yowoneka bwino komanso yovuta kugawa ndi kuyeretsa. Chifukwa chake, zonenepa zakhala chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga zotsukira zamadzimadzi.
1. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi thickener ntchito kwambiri zotsukira. Ndi madzi osungunuka a cellulose omwe amatha kuwonjezera kukhuthala kwa zakumwa. CMC ili ndi zabwino izi:
Kusungunuka kwamadzi bwino: CMC imatha kusungunuka mwachangu m'madzi ndikupanga njira yofananira, yowonekera munjira yamadzi.
Wofatsa komanso wosakwiyitsa: CMC ndi chinthu chopangidwa mwachilengedwe cha polima chomwe sichikhala ndi zotsatirapo zoyipa pakhungu kapena chilengedwe, kukwaniritsa zofunikira za ogula amakono poteteza chilengedwe komanso thanzi.
Kugwirizana kwabwino: CMC imagwirizana bwino ndi zosakaniza zina muzitsulo zotsukira, popanda mavuto monga stratification kapena kuwonongeka, ndipo sizikhudza kuchapa.
2. Xanthan chingamu
Xanthan chingamu ndi mankhwala achilengedwe a polysaccharide opangidwa ndi kuwira kwa bakiteriya, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzakudya, zodzoladzola ndi zotsukira. Kugwiritsa ntchito xanthan chingamu mu zotsukira kumakhala ndi izi:
Kukhuthala kwabwino kwambiri: Ngakhale pakuwonjezera pang'ono, xanthan chingamu imatha kukulitsa kukhuthala kwamadzimadzi.
Anti-kumeta ubweya ntchito dilution: Xanthan chingamu ali wabwino kukameta ubweya dilution katundu. Mukagwedezeka kapena kufinyidwa, kukhuthala kwa detergent kumachepa kwakanthawi, komwe kuli kosavuta kugawa ndikugwiritsa ntchito; koma mamasukidwe akayendedwe angathe kubwezeretsedwa mwamsanga pambuyo ntchito kupewa madzimadzi kwambiri.
Kutentha kwamphamvu kwamphamvu: Xanthan chingamu chikhoza kukhala chokhazikika pa kutentha kwambiri kapena kutsika, sichimakonda kuwonongeka kapena kuchepetsa kukhuthala, ndipo ndi thickener yomwe imagwirabe ntchito bwino pansi pa zovuta kwambiri.
3. Polyacrylate thickeners
Ma polyacrylate thickeners (monga Carbomer) ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi polima zokhala ndi mphamvu yokhuthala kwambiri, makamaka zoyenera zotsukira zowonekera. Zina zake zazikulu ndi izi:
Kuwonekera kwambiri: Polyacrylate imatha kupanga mayankho omveka bwino, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yabwino kusankha zotsukira zowonekera.
Kuthekera kokulitsa bwino: Polyacrylate imatha kukhala ndi zotsatira zokulirapo m'malo otsika ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zowongolera kukhuthala.
pH kudalira: Kukhuthala kwa chowonjezera ichi kumagwirizana kwambiri ndi mtengo wa pH wa yankho, ndipo nthawi zambiri imagwira bwino kwambiri pansi pamikhalidwe yofooka ya alkaline, kotero pH ya formulayo iyenera kusinthidwa ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipeze zotsatira zabwino.
4. Zothira mchere
Mchere (monga sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, ndi zina zotero) umakhalanso wothira wamba mu zotsukira zamadzimadzi, makamaka mu zotsukira zomwe zimakhala ndi zowonjezera. Mfundo yake yogwirira ntchito ndikusintha makonzedwe a mamolekyu a surfactant mwa kusintha mphamvu ya ionic ya dongosolo, motero zimakhudza kukhuthala. Ubwino wa mchere wothira mchere ndi monga:
Mtengo wotsika: Zothira mchere ndizotsika mtengo komanso zosavuta kuzipeza, motero zimakhala ndi phindu pakupanga kwakukulu.
Synergistic zotsatira ndi ma surfactants: Zothira mchere zimatha kupititsa patsogolo kukhuthala kwadongosolo pamapangidwe okhala ndi zinthu zambiri zamadzimadzi.
Ntchito zambiri: Njira iyi yokhuthala imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zotsukira zambiri zamalonda, makamaka zotsukira mafakitale.
Komabe, kugwiritsa ntchito zokometsera mchere kulinso ndi malire. Mwachitsanzo, kuchuluka kwake sikuyenera kukhala kochulukira, apo ayi kungayambitse kusungunuka kwa detergent kutsika kapena ngakhale mvula. Komanso, mamasukidwe akayendedwe kusintha kulondola kwa mchere thickeners si bwino monga thickeners ena.
5. Mafuta a ethoxylated (monga sodium C12-14 alcohol ether sulfate)
Kuphatikiza pa ntchito yake yayikulu yoyeretsa, ma ethoxylated fatty alcohol surfactants alinso ndi kukhuthala. Ndi kusintha chiŵerengero cha surfactants awa, zina thickening zotsatira chingapezeke. Ubwino wake ndi:
Kusinthasintha: Mtundu woterewu wa surfactant sumangowonjezera kukhuthala, komanso umawonjezera kutsukira kwa zotsukira.
Kugwirizana kwabwino ndi zosakaniza zina: Mowa wamafuta a ethoxylated umagwirizana ndi ma surfactants wamba, zokometsera, ma pigment ndi zosakaniza zina, ndipo sizikhudza magwiridwe antchito a chinthu chomaliza.
Chepetsani kufunikira kwa zokhuthala zina: Popeza ili ndi ntchito zonse zotsuka komanso zokhuthala, kugwiritsa ntchito zokometsera koyera kumatha kuchepetsedwa munjira, potero kukulitsa ndalama.
6. Acrylate copolymers
Acrylate copolymers ndi gulu la zopangira ma polima thickeners omwe nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu zotsukira zapamwamba kapena zapadera. Makhalidwe awo akuluakulu ndi awa:
Kuwongolera kolondola kwa viscosity: Posintha mawonekedwe a copolymer, kukhuthala kwa chinthucho kumatha kuyendetsedwa bwino kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
Kukhazikika kwabwino: Chokhuthala ichi chimakhala ndi kukhazikika kwamankhwala komanso thupi ndipo chimatha kukhalabe ndi kukhuthala kwabwino pa kutentha kosiyanasiyana, ma pH ndi makina opangira ma surfactant.
Sizosavuta kuzimitsa: Ma Acrylate copolymer thickeners amawonetsa luso lothana ndi delamination muzotsukira zamadzimadzi, kuwonetsetsa kukhazikika kwazinthuzo pakusungidwa kwanthawi yayitali.
Kusankha kwa thickener mu zotsukira zamadzimadzi zimatengera zinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza mtundu wa surfactant mu fomula, zofunikira zowonekera, kuwongolera mtengo komanso luso la ogwiritsa ntchito. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ndi xanthan chingamu nthawi zambiri ndi zosankha zabwino pazotsukira wamba zapakhomo chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwawo kwamadzi, kufatsa komanso kukhuthala. Kwa zotsukira zowonekera, zokhuthala za polyacrylate ndizokonda. Zothira mchere zili ndi phindu lamtengo wapatali ndipo ndizoyenera kupanga zazikulu zotsukira mafakitale.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-18-2024