1.Mapangidwe a Chemical:
Formic acid (HCOOH): Ndi asidi wamba wa carboxylic wokhala ndi formula yamankhwala HCOOH. Amakhala ndi gulu la carboxyl (COOH), pomwe hydrogen imalumikizidwa ndi kaboni ndipo mpweya wina umapanga mgwirizano wapawiri ndi kaboni.
Sodium formate (HCCONa): Ndi mchere wa sodium wa formic acid. Ma carboxylic hydrogens mu formic acid amasinthidwa ndi ayoni a sodium, kupanga mawonekedwe a sodium.
2. Katundu wathupi:
Formic acid:
Pa kutentha kwa firiji, formic acid ndi madzi opanda mtundu ndi fungo lopweteka.
Kuwira kwake ndi madigiri 100.8 Celsius.
Formic acid imasakanikirana ndi madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri za organic.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate nthawi zambiri imabwera ngati ufa woyera wa hygroscopic.
Amasungunuka m'madzi koma amakhala ndi kusungunuka kochepa mu zosungunulira zina.
Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake cha ionic, mankhwalawa ali ndi malo osungunuka kwambiri poyerekeza ndi formic acid.
3. Acidic kapena alkaline:
Formic acid:
Formic acid ndi asidi ofooka omwe amatha kupereka ma protoni (H +) pamachitidwe amankhwala.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate ndi mchere wochokera ku formic acid; si acidic. Mu njira yamadzimadzi, amawonongeka kukhala ayoni wa sodium (Na+) ndi ma ion formate (HCOO-).
4. Cholinga:
Formic acid:
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga zikopa, nsalu ndi utoto.
Formic acid ndi gawo lofunikira pakukonza zikopa ndi zikopa za nyama m'makampani achikopa.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chochepetsera komanso chosungira m'mafakitale ena.
Muulimi, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera cha chakudya kuti alepheretse kukula kwa mabakiteriya ena ndi bowa.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati de-icing wothandizira misewu ndi ma runways.
Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chochepetsera pamakampani osindikizira ndi utoto.
Gululi limagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola matope m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi.
Sodium formate imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati buffering munjira zina zamafakitale.
5. Kupanga:
Formic acid:
Formic acid amapangidwa ndi chothandizira hydrogenation wa mpweya woipa kapena mmene methanol ndi carbon monoxide.
Njira zamafakitale zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito zopangira komanso kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi neutralizing formic acid ndi sodium hydroxide.
Zotsatira za sodium formate zimatha kupatulidwa ndi crystallization kapena kupezedwa mu njira yothetsera.
6. Chitetezo:
Formic acid:
Formic acid imawononga ndipo imatha kuyambitsa kuyaka ikakhudza khungu.
Kukoka mpweya wake kungayambitse mkwiyo ku dongosolo la kupuma.
Fomu ya sodium:
Ngakhale kuti sodium formate nthawi zambiri imawonedwa ngati yocheperako kuposa formic acid, kusamala koyenera ndi kusunga ndikofunikira.
Malangizo achitetezo ayenera kutsatiridwa mukamagwiritsa ntchito sodium formate kuti mupewe ngozi zomwe zingachitike paumoyo.
7. Kukhudza chilengedwe:
Formic acid:
Formic asidi akhoza biodegrade pansi zinthu zina.
Zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kuganizira komanso nthawi yowonetsera.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti ndi wokonda zachilengedwe ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa kuposa zida zina.
8. Mtengo ndi kupezeka:
Formic acid:
Mtengo wa formic acid ukhoza kusiyana kutengera njira yopangira komanso kuyera.
Itha kugulidwa kuchokera kwa ogulitsa osiyanasiyana.
Fomu ya sodium:
Sodium formate imagulidwa mopikisana ndipo kupezeka kwake kumakhudzidwa ndi kufunikira kwa mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Imakonzedwa ndi neutralizing formic acid ndi sodium hydroxide.
Formic acid ndi sodium formate ndi mankhwala osiyanasiyana omwe ali ndi katundu ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Formic acid ndi asidi ofooka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuchokera ku mafakitale kupita ku ulimi, pamene sodium formate, mchere wa sodium wa formic acid, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera monga de-icing, nsalu ndi mafakitale a mafuta ndi gasi. Kumvetsetsa katundu wawo ndikofunikira kuti asamalidwe bwino komanso kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera m'magawo osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-06-2023