Mafala Akutoma ndi Cellulose
Thonje, kabeti yachilengedwe yochokera ku chomera cha thonje, makamaka limapangidwa ndi cellulose. Cellulose, chakudya chovuta chovuta, ndiye dera lalikulu la makhoma a cell muzomera, ndikuthandizira. Kupeza cellulose yoyera ku thonje yochokera ku thonje kumaphatikizapo kulekanitsa ulusi wa cellulose kuchokera kuzinthu zina za chomera cha thonje, monga Lignin, Hignellilose, ndi Peminin.
Chomera cha thonje anatero
Kumvetsetsa matumbo a chomera cha thonje ndikofunikira kwa m'zigawo za cellulose. Thonje lokoti thonje ndi trikomes ya mbewu, yomwe imayamba kuchokera ku cell yapachipinda. Mafuta awa amakhala makamaka pa cellulose, okhala ndi mapuloteni ochepa, ma seras, ndi shuga. Thonje la thonje limakula m'mabotolo, omwe ndi makapisozi otetezera omwe amasintha mbewu.
Njira Zakupangira Cellulose
Kututa: Njirayi imayamba ndikukolola thonje ma boll kuchokera ku mbewu za thonje. Kutulutsa makina ndiko njira yofala kwambiri, pomwe makina amachotsa ma bols kuchokera ku mbewu.
Kukula: Mukatha kukolola, kanyumba kumayambitsidwa, komwe mbewu zimalekanitsidwa ndi ulusi. Njirayi imaphatikizapo kudutsa thonje kudzera mu makina a gin omwe amachotsa mbewuzo kuchokera ku ulusi.
Kuyeretsa: Kamodzi wosiyanitsidwa ndi mbewu, ulusi wa thonje umatsuka kuti uchotse zodetsa monga dothi, masamba, ndi zida zina zomera. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti ma cellulose ochotsedwa ndi oyera kwambiri.
Carding: Makampani ndi njira yopanga yomwe imagwirizanitsa ulusi wa thonje kukhala intaneti yopyapyala. Zimachotsa zosanja zonse zotsalira ndikugwirizanitsa ulusi wokonzekera kukonzanso.
Mafuta a thonje: ulusi wa thonje umakhala ndi zodetsa zachilengedwe monga ma exes, ma pectins, ndi hemithelsuloses, omwe amatchulidwa pamodzi kuti "chingamu." Degnuming imaphatikizapo kuchitira thonje la thonje ndi mayankho a alkaline kapena ma enzymes kuti muchotse zosayera.
Kuchulukitsa: Kuyatsidwa ndi gawo losankha koma nthawi zambiri limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ayeretse ulusi wa cellulose ndikuwonjezera kuyera kwawo. Maminitsi osiyanasiyana onunkhira monga hydrogen peroxide kapena chlorine rerivitals angagwiritsidwe ntchito munjira iyi.
Mcercerization: Mphero imaphatikizapo kuchiritsa ma cellulose ndi caustic alkali yankho la alkali, nthawi zambiri sodium hydroxide. Izi zimawonjezera nyonga za ulusi, zosungunulira, ndi kugwirizana kwa utoto, zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana.
Acid Hydrolysis: Nthawi zina, makamaka pazinthu zopangira mafakitale, acid hydrolysis ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ithetsere cellulose kukhala zigawo zazing'ono, yunifolomu zambiri. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuwononga cellulose ndi ma acid pansi pamakhalidwe a hydrolyze ma glycosidic, ma cell a cellulose.
Kusamba ndi Kuyanika: Kutsatira mankhwala othandizira mankhwala, ulusi wa cellulose umasambitsidwa bwino kuti uchotse mankhwala kapena zodetsa zilizonse. Pambuyo pake, ulusiwo umauma kwa chinyezi chomwe chimafuna.
Ntchito za Cellulose
Cellulose yoyera yochokera ku thonje imapeza ntchito pamakampani osiyanasiyana:
Zojambula: Mafuta a cellulose amapaka ulusi ndikuphatikizidwa ndi nsalu zovala, zolemba zapakhomo, kugwiritsa ntchito mafakitale.
Pepala ndi pepala: Cellose ndi gawo lalikulu la pepala, pepala la pepala, ndi zinthu za makatoni.
Ma biofuels: Cellulose amatha kusinthidwa kukhala ma biofuel monga Ethanol kudzera njira ngati enzymatic hydrolysis ndi kupesa.
Mafakitale ndi mafakitale opangira mankhwala: Cellulose zopangidwa ndi ma cellulose zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati otsatsa, okhazikika, ndi ma emulsifiers mu chakudya ndi mankhwala opangira mankhwala.
Zodzikongoletsera: Cellulose zogwiritsidwa ntchito zimagwiritsidwa ntchito muzodzola komanso zopangidwa ndi zinthu zachinsinsi chifukwa cha kukula kwake komanso kulimbitsa katundu.
Kupeza cellulose ya thonje kuchokera ku thonje kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zamakina ndi mankhwala omwe akufuna kulekanitsa ulusi wa cellulose ku zigawo zina nyemba ndikuwayeretsa. Kumvetsetsa matupi a chomera cha thonje ndikugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyenera monga momwe zimakhalira ndi maluso oyenera, kunenepa, komanso kupembedza ndikofunikira kuti mupeze cellulose yapamwamba kwambiri. Cellulose yoyera yomwe yapezeka ku thonje imakhala ndi mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana mafakitale, kuyambira mapepala ndi kupendekera kwa ma biofuels ndi mankhwala, ndikupangitsa kuti zikhale ndi chilengedwe chofananira komanso chofunikira.
Post Nthawi: Apr-25-2024