Starch ethers ndi mtundu wosinthidwa wa wowuma womwe walandira chidwi chofala m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwawo komanso mawonekedwe apadera.Ngakhale kuti nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomatira chifukwa cha mphamvu zake zomangirira, kuyenerera kwake kwa malo otentha kwambiri kumadalira zinthu zingapo.
1. Chiyambi cha starch ether:
Ma starch ether ndi ochokera ku starch wamba, omwe ndi ma polysaccharides omwe amapezeka muzomera.Kupyolera mu kusintha kwa mankhwala, komwe nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo etherification, ma ethers owuma amapangidwa kuti apititse patsogolo katundu wawo ndikuwapanga kukhala oyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwapadera.The ndondomeko kusinthidwa amasintha hydrophilic ndi hydrophobic katundu wowuma, potero kusintha bata, solubility ndi rheological katundu.
2. Katundu wa wowuma ether:
Ma ethers owuma ali ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala owoneka bwino pamafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomatira.Zinthu izi zikuphatikizapo:
A. Madzi Osungunuka: Ma starch ethers amasungunuka m'madzi ndipo amatha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta ndi zomatira ndikulimbikitsa kunyowetsa kwabwino.
b.Kuthekera kopanga filimu: Starch ethers amatha kupanga mafilimu omwe amathandiza zomatira kumamatira pamwamba ndikupereka mphamvu kuzinthu zomatira.
C. Thickener: Imakhala ngati thickener mu zomatira formulations, zimakhudza mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi kusintha ntchito makhalidwe.
d.Kuwonongeka kwa Biodegradability: Ma ethers owuma amachokera kuzinthu zongowonjezedwanso ndipo chifukwa chake ndi okonda zachilengedwe komanso oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimayang'ana kukhazikika.
3. Ntchito zomatira za wowuma ether:
Wowuma ether atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yomatira, monga:
A. Mapepala ndi zomatira: Ma etha wowuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapepala ndi zomatira chifukwa cha kupanga filimu ndi zomatira.
b.Zomatira zomangira: Kusungunuka kwamadzi ndi kukhuthala kwa wowuma ether kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomatira zomangira kuti zithandizire pomanga zida.
C. Wood Adhesives: M'makampani opanga matabwa, ma ethers owuma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo zamatabwa kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu za mgwirizano ndikupereka bata.
d.Zomata za nsalu: Wowuma ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazomata za nsalu chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kumangirira ulusi ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yonse ya nsalu.
4. Magwiridwe m'malo otentha kwambiri:
Kwa ntchito zomwe zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, ntchito ya starch ethers m'malo otentha kwambiri ndizofunikira kwambiri.Pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zimakhudza machitidwe ake pankhaniyi:
A. Kukhazikika kwa Kutentha: Ma ethers owuma amawonetsa kukhazikika kosiyanasiyana kwa kutentha kutengera momwe amasinthira komanso kusintha kwamankhwala komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito panthawi ya etherification.
b.Kutentha kwa Gelatinization: Kutentha kwa gelatinization kwa wowuma ether ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakutentha kwambiri ndipo kumakhudzidwa ndi kulemera kwake kwa maselo ndi kuchuluka kwake m'malo.
C. Kusintha kwamakayendedwe: Kutentha kwambiri kumatha kusintha makulidwe a zomatira zomwe zili ndi ma ethers wowuma.Kumvetsetsa zosinthazi ndikofunikira pakuwonetsetsa kuti zomatira zizigwira ntchito mosasinthasintha.
d.Mphamvu ya Bond: Mphamvu ya chikole cha ma formulations okhala ndi ma starch ether amatha kukhudzidwa ndi kutentha, kotero kumvetsetsa mozama za zofunikira za kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndikofunikira.
5. Njira yosinthira kutentha kwakukulu:
Pofuna kupititsa patsogolo kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa starch ether m'malo otentha kwambiri, njira zosinthira zotsatirazi zitha kukhazikitsidwa:
A. Cross-linking: Cross-linking starch ether molecules amawonjezera kukhazikika kwa kutentha ndi kukana kusintha kwa viscosity kumapangitsa kutentha.
b.Kuphatikiza ndi ma polima osamva kutentha: Kuphatikiza ma etha owuma ndi ma polima osamva kutentha kumatha kupanga zomatira zosakanizidwa zomwe zimasunga bata pakutentha kwambiri.
C. Zosintha za Chemical: Zina zosinthidwa zamakina, monga kuyambitsa magulu ogwira ntchito osagwirizana ndi kutentha, zikhoza kufufuzidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi ma starch ethers kuti agwiritse ntchito kwambiri kutentha kwakukulu.
6. Maphunziro a zochitika ndi ntchito zothandiza:
Kuwunika zochitika zenizeni zenizeni ndi ntchito zothandiza zimapereka chidziwitso chofunikira pakuchita kwa starch ethers m'madera otentha kwambiri.Makampani omwe kukana kutentha kuli kofunika kwambiri, monga magalimoto, ndege ndi zamagetsi, angapereke zitsanzo zamtengo wapatali.
7. Zoganizira zachilengedwe:
Pamene nkhawa za chilengedwe zikuchulukirachulukira, kuwonongeka kwa biodegradability kwa starch ether kumawonjezera mwayi waukulu.Kuwunika momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira zomatira zomwe zili ndi ma ethers wowuma pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri kwazinthu zokhazikika.
8. Malangizo amtsogolo ndi mwayi wofufuza:
Kupitiriza kufufuza ndi chitukuko m'munda wa wowuma etha kusinthidwa akhoza kutsegula mwayi watsopano kwa ntchito yake m'madera otentha kwambiri.Kufufuza njira zatsopano zosinthira, kumvetsetsa momwe zimakhalira kukhazikika kwamafuta, ndikuzindikira kulumikizana ndi ma polima ena ndi mbali zoyenera kufufuzidwa.
9. Mapeto:
Mwachidule, ma starch ethers akulonjeza ofuna kuyika zomatira, okhala ndi zinthu zingapo zofunika.Kuchita kwake m'malo otentha kwambiri kumadalira kuganizira mozama zinthu monga kukhazikika kwa kutentha, kutentha kwa gelatinization ndi mphamvu zomangira.Kupyolera mu kusinthika kwabwino ndi kupangidwa kwatsopano, ma ethers owuma akhoza kukonzedwa kuti athetse mavuto enieni omwe amadza chifukwa cha kutentha kwakukulu, kutsegula njira zatsopano zogwiritsira ntchito m'mafakitale omwe kukana kutentha kuli kofunika kwambiri.Pamene kafukufuku akupita patsogolo, ntchito ya starch ethers mu zomatira zomatira zikuyenera kukulirakulira, kulimbitsanso malo awo monga zomata zosunthika komanso zokhazikika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-02-2023