1 Mawu Oyamba
Ma cellulose ether (MC) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani opanga zida zomangira ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito mochulukirapo.Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati retarder, chosungira madzi, thickener ndi zomatira.Mumatope wamba wosakanizika, matope akunja otchingira khoma, matope odziyimira pawokha, zomatira matailosi, zomatira zomangira zolimba kwambiri, mkati ndi kunja kwa khoma putty, matope osakanizidwa ndi madzi owuma, pulasitala ya gypsum, caulking agent ndi zida zina, cellulose Ethers amagwira ntchito yofunikira.Ma cellulose ether ali ndi chikoka chofunikira pakusunga madzi, kufunikira kwa madzi, kugwirizana, kuchedwetsa komanso kupanga matope.
Pali mitundu yambiri yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe a cellulose ethers.Ma cellulose ether omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pantchito zomangira amaphatikiza HEC, HPMC, CMC, PAC, MHEC, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina osiyanasiyana amatope malinga ndi mawonekedwe awo.Anthu ena achita kafukufuku wokhudza kutengera kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether pamatope a simenti.Nkhaniyi ikuyang'ana pa maziko awa ndikufotokozera momwe mungasankhire mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ma cellulose ethers muzinthu zosiyanasiyana zamatope.
2 Makhalidwe ogwirira ntchito a cellulose ether mumatope a simenti
Monga kusakaniza kofunikira mumatope owuma a ufa, cellulose ether imakhala ndi ntchito zambiri mumatope.Udindo wofunikira kwambiri wa cellulose ether mumatope a simenti ndikusunga madzi ndikukhuthala.Kuphatikiza apo, chifukwa cholumikizana ndi makina a simenti, imatha kukhalanso ndi gawo lothandizira pakulowetsa mpweya, kuchedwetsa kukhazikika, komanso kukulitsa mphamvu zomangira zomangira.
Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya cellulose ether mumatope ndikusunga madzi.Cellulose ether imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chophatikizira chofunikira pafupifupi muzinthu zonse zamatope, makamaka chifukwa cha kusunga madzi.Nthawi zambiri, kusungidwa kwamadzi kwa cellulose ether kumakhudzana ndi kukhuthala kwake, kuchuluka kwake komanso kukula kwa tinthu.
Ma cellulose ether amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, ndipo makulidwe ake amalumikizana ndi digiri ya etherification, kukula kwa tinthu, kukhuthala ndi kusinthidwa kwa digiri ya cellulose ether.Nthawi zambiri, kuchuluka kwa etherification ndi mamasukidwe a cellulose ether, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, m'pamenenso zimawonekera kwambiri.Posintha mawonekedwe omwe ali pamwambapa a MC, matope amatha kukwaniritsa magwiridwe antchito oyenera odana ndi sagging komanso mamasukidwe abwino kwambiri.
Mu cellulose ether, kuyambitsa gulu la alkyl kumachepetsa mphamvu yamadzi amadzimadzi okhala ndi cellulose ether, kotero kuti cellulose ether imakhala ndi mpweya wolowera pamatope a simenti.Kulowetsa thovu loyenera la mpweya mumatope kumapangitsa kuti ntchito yomanga matope ikhale yabwino chifukwa cha "mphamvu ya mpira" ya thovu la mpweya.Pa nthawi yomweyo, kumayambiriro mpweya thovu kumawonjezera linanena bungwe mlingo wa matope.Zoonadi, kuchuluka kwa kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya kumafunika kuwongoleredwa.Kuchuluka kwa mpweya kudzakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa mphamvu ya matope, chifukwa ming'oma yovulaza imatha kuyambitsidwa.
2.1 Cellulose ether idzachedwetsa ndondomeko ya hydration ya simenti, potero imachepetsa kuyika ndi kuuma kwa simenti, ndikutalikitsa nthawi yotsegulira matope moyenerera, koma izi sizili bwino kwa matope m'madera ozizira.Posankha cellulose ether, mankhwala oyenera ayenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi momwe zinthu zilili.Kuchepetsa mphamvu ya cellulose ether kumakulitsidwa makamaka ndikuwonjezeka kwa digiri yake ya etherification, digirii yosintha komanso kukhuthala.
Kuonjezera apo, ether ya cellulose, monga chinthu chautali wautali wa polima, imatha kupititsa patsogolo mgwirizanowu ndi gawo lapansi pambuyo powonjezeredwa ku simenti ya simenti pansi pa malo osungira bwino chinyezi cha slurry.
2.2 The katundu wa mapadi etero mu matope makamaka monga: kusunga madzi, thickening, kutalikitsa nthawi yoika, entraining mpweya ndi kupititsa patsogolo kumangirira kugwirizana mphamvu, etc. Mogwirizana ndi katundu pamwamba, izo zikuonekera mu makhalidwe a MC palokha, ndicho: mamasukidwe akayendedwe, kukhazikika, zomwe zili ndi zosakaniza zogwira ntchito (kuchuluka kowonjezera), digiri ya kusintha kwa etherification ndi kufanana kwake, mlingo wa kusinthidwa, zomwe zili ndi zinthu zovulaza, etc. Choncho, posankha MC, ether cellulose ndi makhalidwe ake omwe angapereke ntchito yoyenera ayenera kukhala zosankhidwa molingana ndi zofunikira zenizeni za chinthu chamatope kuti chigwire ntchito inayake.
3 Makhalidwe a cellulose ether
Kawirikawiri, malangizo a mankhwala operekedwa ndi opanga ma cellulose ether adzaphatikizapo zizindikiro zotsatirazi: maonekedwe, mamasukidwe akayendedwe, mlingo wa kulowetsedwa kwa gulu, fineness, zinthu zogwira ntchito (kuyera), chinyezi, malo ovomerezeka ndi mlingo, ndi zina zotero. gawo la gawo la cellulose ether, koma poyerekezera ndikusankha cellulose ether, mbali zina monga kapangidwe kake ka mankhwala, digirii yosintha, digiri ya etherification, zokhutira za NaCl, ndi mtengo wa DS ziyeneranso kuwunikiridwa.
3.1 Viscosity ya cellulose ether
Kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether kumakhudza kasungidwe ka madzi, makulidwe, kuchedwa ndi zina.Chifukwa chake, ndi chizindikiro chofunikira pakuwunika ndikusankha cellulose ether.
Tisanayambe kukambirana za kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti pali njira zinayi zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether: Brookfield, Hakke, Höppler, ndi viscometer yozungulira.Zida, kuyika kwa mayankho ndi malo oyesera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zinayi ndizosiyana, kotero zotsatira za yankho lomwelo la MC loyesedwa ndi njira zinayi ndizosiyana kwambiri.Ngakhale yankho lomwelo, pogwiritsa ntchito njira yomweyo, kuyesa pansi pazikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zachilengedwe, kukhuthala
Zotsatira zimasiyananso.Chifukwa chake, pofotokoza kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether, ndikofunikira kuwonetsa njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa, kuyika yankho, rotor, liwiro lozungulira, kuyesa kutentha ndi chinyezi ndi zina zachilengedwe.Mtengo wa viscosity uwu ndi wofunika.Ndizopanda tanthauzo kungonena kuti "kukhuthala kwa MC wina ndi chiyani".
3.2 Kukhazikika Kwazinthu za Cellulose Ether
Ma cellulose ether amadziwika kuti amatha kugwidwa ndi nkhungu za cellulosic.Bowawo akamawononga cellulose ether, amayamba kuukira gawo la glucose lomwe silinatenthedwe mu cellulose ether.Monga chophatikizira chofananira, gawo la glucose likangowonongeka, unyolo wonse wama cell umasweka, ndipo kukhuthala kwazinthu kumatsika kwambiri.Glucose unit ikasinthidwa, nkhungu sizingawononge unyolo wa maselo.Chifukwa chake, kuchuluka kwa etherification m'malo mwapamwamba (mtengo wa DS) wa cellulose ether, kukhazikika kwake kudzakhala kokwezeka.
3.3 Zomwe zili mu cellulose ether
Kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimagwira ntchito mu cellulose ether, zimakwera mtengo wamtengo wapatali, kuti zotsatira zabwino zitheke ndi mlingo womwewo.Chomwe chimathandiza mu cellulose ether ndi cellulose ether molecule, yomwe ndi chinthu chachilengedwe.Chifukwa chake, pakuwunika momwe zinthu zilili mu cellulose ether, zitha kuwonetsedwa mwachindunji ndi mtengo waphulusa pambuyo powerengera.
3.4 Zomwe zili mu NaCl mu cellulose ether
NaCl ndi chinthu chomwe sichingalephereke popanga cellulose ether, yomwe nthawi zambiri imayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuchapa kangapo, ndipo nthawi zambiri zochapira, NaCl imatsalirabe.NaCl ndi chiwopsezo chodziwika bwino cha kuwonongeka kwa zitsulo zazitsulo ndi ma mesh.Chifukwa chake, ngakhale kutsuka kwa zimbudzi pakutsuka NaCl nthawi zambiri kumatha kuonjezera mtengo, posankha zinthu za MC, tiyenera kuyesetsa kusankha zinthu zomwe zili ndi NaCl yochepa.
4 Mfundo zakusankha cellulose ether pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamatope
Posankha ether ya cellulose pazinthu zamatope, choyamba, malinga ndi kufotokozera kwa buku la mankhwala, sankhani zizindikiro zake zogwirira ntchito (monga viscosity, digiri ya etherification m'malo, zinthu zothandiza, NaCl content, etc.) Makhalidwe ogwira ntchito ndi kusankha. mfundo
4.1 Dongosolo la pulasitala woonda
Kutenga pulasitala ya pulasitala ya dongosolo woonda pulasitala monga chitsanzo, popeza pulasitala matope mwachindunji kukhudzana ndi chilengedwe chakunja, pamwamba amataya madzi mwamsanga, choncho mlingo wapamwamba kusunga madzi chofunika.Makamaka panthawi yomanga m'chilimwe, pamafunika kuti matope amatha kusunga chinyezi pa kutentha kwakukulu.Ndikofunikira kusankha MC yokhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chosungira madzi, chomwe chitha kuganiziridwa mozama kudzera m'magawo atatu: kukhuthala, kukula kwa tinthu, ndi kuchuluka kwake.Nthawi zambiri, mumikhalidwe yomweyi, sankhani MC yokhala ndi mamasukidwe apamwamba, ndipo poganizira zofunikira zogwirira ntchito, kukhuthala sikuyenera kukhala kokwera kwambiri.Choncho, MC yosankhidwa iyenera kukhala ndi madzi osungira madzi ambiri komanso mawonekedwe otsika kwambiri.Pakati mankhwala MC, MH60001P6 etc. akhoza akulimbikitsidwa zomatira pulasitala dongosolo woonda pulasitala.
4.2 Dongo la pulasitala lopangidwa ndi simenti
Kupaka matope kumafunika kuti matopewo azifanana bwino, ndipo ndi kosavuta kuyikapo mofanana popaka pulasitala.Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamafunika ntchito yabwino yotsutsa-sagging, mphamvu yopopa kwambiri, fluidity ndi workability.Chifukwa chake, MC yokhala ndi mamasukidwe otsika, kubalalitsidwa mwachangu komanso kukula kosasinthika (tinthu tating'onoting'ono) mumatope a simenti amasankhidwa.
Pakumanga zomatira matailosi, pofuna kuonetsetsa chitetezo ndi magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, zimafunikira makamaka kuti matope azikhala ndi nthawi yayitali yotsegulira komanso ntchito yabwino yotsutsa-slide, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imafunikira mgwirizano wabwino pakati pa gawo lapansi ndi matailosi. .Chifukwa chake, zomatira zamatayilo zimakhala ndi zofunika kwambiri pa MC.Komabe, MC nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi zomatira zomatira kwambiri.Posankha MC, kuti akwaniritse kufunikira kwa nthawi yayitali yotsegulira, MC imayenera kukhala ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi osungira madzi, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi kumafuna kukhuthala koyenera, kuchuluka kwake ndi kukula kwa tinthu.Kuti mukwaniritse ntchito yabwino yotsutsa-kutsetsereka, kukhuthala kwa MC ndikwabwino, kotero kuti matope amakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu kosunthika, ndipo kukhuthala kuli ndi zofunikira zina pa kukhuthala, digiri ya etherification ndi kukula kwa tinthu.
4.4 Mtondo wodziyimira pawokha
Mtondo wodziyimira pawokha uli ndi zofunikira zapamwamba pakuchita bwino kwa matope, chifukwa chake ndikofunikira kusankha zinthu za cellulose ether za low-viscosity.Popeza kudziwongolera kumafuna kuti matope osakanikirana azitha kugwedezeka pansi, madzimadzi ndi madzi amafunikira, choncho chiŵerengero cha madzi ndi zinthu ndi chachikulu.Pofuna kupewa kutuluka kwa magazi, MC imafunika kuwongolera kusungidwa kwa madzi pamtunda ndikupereka mamasukidwe akayendedwe kuti ateteze kugwa.
4.5 Mtondo wamiyala
Chifukwa matope a miyala amalumikizana mwachindunji pamwamba pa zomanga, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zomangika.Mtondo umafunika kuti ukhale wogwira ntchito kwambiri komanso kusunga madzi, ndipo ukhoza kutsimikiziranso mphamvu yogwirizanitsa ndi zomangamanga, kupititsa patsogolo ntchito, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu.Choncho, MC yosankhidwa iyenera kuthandizira matope kuti apititse patsogolo ntchito yomwe ili pamwambayi, ndipo kukhuthala kwa cellulose ether sikuyenera kukhala kwakukulu.
4.6 Insulation slurry
Popeza slurry yotenthetsera yotentha imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamanja, pamafunika kuti MC yosankhidwayo ipatse matope kuti azitha kugwira bwino ntchito, kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kusunga bwino madzi.MC iyeneranso kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a kukhuthala kwakukulu komanso kulowetsa mpweya wambiri.
5 Mapeto
Ntchito za cellulose ether mumtondo wa simenti ndikusunga madzi, kukhuthala, kulowetsedwa kwa mpweya, kuchedwetsa komanso kuwongolera mphamvu zomangira zomangira, ndi zina zambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jan-30-2023