Desulfurization gypsum ndi mafakitale ndi mankhwala gypsum anapezedwa ndi desulfurizing ndi kuyeretsa chitoliro mpweya opangidwa pambuyo kuyaka kwa sulfure munali mafuta mwa laimu wabwino kapena laimu ufa slurry.Mankhwala ake ndi ofanana ndi achilengedwe a dihydrate gypsum, makamaka CaSO4 · 2H2O.Pakalipano, njira yopangira magetsi ya dziko langa idakali yoyendetsedwa ndi magetsi opangidwa ndi malasha, ndipo SO2 yotulutsidwa ndi malasha pakupanga mphamvu yamagetsi imapanga zoposa 50% za mpweya wapachaka wa dziko langa.Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wa sulfure dioxide kwadzetsa kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe.Kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa flue gas desulfurization kupanga gypsum desulfurized ndi njira yofunikira yothetsera chitukuko chaukadaulo wamafakitale okhudzana ndi malasha.Malinga ndi ziwerengero zosakwanira, umuna wa gypsum wonyowa m'dziko langa wadutsa 90 miliyoni t/a, ndipo njira yopangira gypsum ya desulfurized imakhala yowunjika, yomwe simangotenga malo, komanso imayambitsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu kwazinthu.
Gypsum ali ndi ntchito za kulemera kwa kuwala, kuchepetsa phokoso, kuteteza moto, kutsekemera kwa kutentha, etc. Ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga simenti, kupanga gypsum yomanga, zomangamanga zokongoletsera ndi zina.Panopa, akatswiri ambiri achita kafukufuku wopaka pulasitala.Kafukufukuyu akuwonetsa kuti pulasitala pulasitala zinthu ali ndi micro-kukula, bwino workability ndi plasticity, ndipo akhoza m'malo mwa miyambo pulasitala kukongoletsa m'nyumba.Kafukufuku wa Xu Jianjun ndi ena awonetsa kuti gypsum ya desulfurized itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zopepuka zapakhoma.Kafukufuku wa Ye Beihong ndi ena asonyeza kuti pulasitala gypsum opangidwa ndi desulfurized gypsum angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa pulasitala wosanjikiza wa mkati mbali ya khoma lakunja, mkati kugawa khoma ndi denga, ndipo angathe kuthetsa mavuto wamba khalidwe monga zipolopolo ndi ming'alu. miyambo pulasitala matope.Gypsum pulasitala wopepuka ndi mtundu watsopano wa zinthu zachilengedwe wochezeka pulasitala.Amapangidwa ndi hemihydrate gypsum ngati chinthu chachikulu cha simenti powonjezera ma aggregates opepuka ndi zosakaniza.Poyerekeza ndi zida zopaka simenti zakale, sizosavuta kung'amba, kumamatira Kumanga bwino, kucheperachepera, kubiriwira komanso kuteteza chilengedwe.Ntchito desulfurized gypsum kubala hemihydrate gypsum osati kuthetsa vuto la kusowa zachilengedwe gypsum chuma, komanso amazindikira gwero magwiritsidwe ntchito desulfurized gypsum ndi kukwaniritsa cholinga kuteteza chilengedwe.Choncho, potengera phunziro la gypsum desulfurized, pepalali amayesa atakhala nthawi, flexural mphamvu ndi Compressive mphamvu, kuphunzira zinthu zomwe zimakhudza ntchito kuwala kolemera pulasitala desulfurization gypsum matope, ndi kupereka maziko ongoyerekeza chitukuko cha kuwala- kulemera pulasitala desulfurization gypsum matope.
1 kuyesa
1.1 Zopangira
Desulfurization gypsum powder: Hemihydrate gypsum yopangidwa ndi calcined ndi flue gas desulfurization technology, katundu wake wofunikira akuwonetsedwa mu Table 1. Kuphatikizika kopepuka: ma microbeads a vitrified amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndipo zofunikira zake zikuwonetsedwa mu Table 2. Vitrified microbeads amasakanizidwa mu gawo la 4. %, 8%, 12%, ndi 16% kutengera kuchuluka kwa matope opaka utoto wopangidwa ndi gypsum.
Retarder: Gwiritsani ntchito sodium citrate, mankhwala kusanthula koyera reagent, sodium citrate zachokera kulemera chiŵerengero cha kuwala pulasitala desulfurization gypsum matope, ndi kusakaniza chiŵerengero ndi 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%.
Cellulose efa: ntchito hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndi 400, HPMC zachokera kulemera chiŵerengero cha kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope, ndi chiŵerengero kusanganikirana ndi 0, 0.1%, 0,2%, 0,4%.
1.2 Njira yoyesera
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ndi nthawi yokhazikika ya gypsum ya desulfurized gypsum imatchula GB/T17669.4-1999 "Kutsimikizika kwa Zinthu Zakuthupi Zomangamanga Gypsum Plaster", komanso nthawi yoyikapo pulasitala ya gypsum yopepuka imatanthawuza GB/T 28627- 2012 "Plastering Gypsum" ikuchitika.
The flexural ndi compressive mphamvu za desulfurized gypsum ikuchitika molingana ndi GB/T9776-2008 "Building Gypsum", ndi zitsanzo ndi kukula kwa 40mm×40mm×160mm amaumbidwa, ndi 2h mphamvu ndi youma mphamvu amayesedwa motero.The flexural ndi compressive mphamvu kuwala kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope ikuchitika molingana ndi GB/T 28627-2012 "Plastering Gypsum", ndi mphamvu machiritso zachilengedwe kwa 1d ndi 28d amayezedwa motero.
2 Zotsatira ndi zokambirana
2.1 Zotsatira za ufa wa gypsum pamakina amakina opepuka pulasitala desulfurization gypsum
Kuchuluka kwa ufa wa gypsum, ufa wa laimu ndi opepuka ophatikizika ndi 100%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa kuphatikizika kwa kuwala kosasunthika ndi kusakanikirana sikunasinthe.Pamene kuchuluka kwa gypsum ufa ndi 60%, 70%, 80%, ndi 90%, desulfurization Zotsatira za flexural ndi compressive mphamvu ya gypsum mortar.
The flexural mphamvu ndi compressive mphamvu kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope onse kukula ndi zaka, kusonyeza kuti hydration digiri gypsum amakhala okwanira ndi zaka.Ndi kuwonjezeka kwa ufa wa gypsum wa desulfurized, mphamvu yosinthika ndi mphamvu yopondereza ya gypsum yopepuka ya gypsum inasonyeza kuwonjezereka kwapamwamba, koma kuwonjezeka kunali kochepa, ndipo mphamvu yopondereza pa masiku a 28 inali yoonekera kwambiri.Pazaka za 1d, mphamvu yosinthika ya gypsum powder yosakanikirana ndi 90% inawonjezeka ndi 10.3% poyerekeza ndi 60% gypsum powder, ndipo mphamvu yofananira yowonjezera inawonjezeka ndi 10.1%.Ndili ndi zaka za masiku a 28, mphamvu yosinthika ya gypsum powder yosakanikirana ndi 90% inawonjezeka ndi 8.8% poyerekeza ndi ufa wa gypsum wosakaniza ndi 60%, ndipo mphamvu yofananira yowonjezera inawonjezeka ndi 2.6%.Kufotokozera mwachidule, tinganene kuti kuchuluka kwa ufa wa gypsum kumakhudza kwambiri mphamvu ya flexural kuposa mphamvu yopondereza.
2.2 Zotsatira za zinthu zopepuka zophatikizika pamakina amtundu wa gypsum wopepuka wopangidwa ndi sulfurized
Chiwerengero chonse cha ufa wa gypsum, ufa wa laimu ndi opepuka ndi 100%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa ufa wokhazikika wa gypsum ndi kusakaniza kumakhalabe kosasintha.Pamene kuchuluka kwa microbeads vitrified ndi 4%, 8%, 12%, ndi 16%, kuwala pulasitala Zotsatira za flexural ndi compressive mphamvu ya desulfurized gypsum matope.
Pamsinkhu womwewo, mphamvu flexural ndi compressive mphamvu kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope utachepa ndi kuwonjezeka zili microbeads vitrified.Izi ndichifukwa choti ma microbead ambiri a vitrified amakhala ndi dzenje mkati ndipo mphamvu zawo ndizochepa, zomwe zimachepetsa mphamvu yosinthika komanso yolimba ya matope opepuka a gypsum.Pa msinkhu wa 1d, mphamvu ya flexural ya 16% gypsum powder inachepetsedwa ndi 35.3% poyerekeza ndi 4% gypsum powder, ndipo mphamvu yofananirayo inachepetsedwa ndi 16.3%.Ali ndi zaka za masiku a 28, mphamvu yosinthika ya 16% gypsum powder inachepetsedwa ndi 24.6% poyerekeza ndi 4% gypsum powder, pamene mphamvu yofananirayo inachepetsedwa ndi 6.0%.Mwachidule, tinganene kuti zotsatira za zili vitrified microbeads pa flexural mphamvu ndi wamkulu kuposa compressive mphamvu.
2.3 Zotsatira za zomwe zili mu retarder pakuyika nthawi ya gypsum yopepuka yopukutidwa
Mlingo wonse wa gypsum powder, ufa wa laimu ndi opepuka ndi 100%, ndipo mlingo wa ufa wokhazikika wa gypsum, ufa wa laimu, aggregate opepuka ndi cellulose ether sasintha.Pamene mlingo wa sodium citrate ndi 0, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, kuika zotsatira za kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope.
Nthawi yoyika koyamba komanso nthawi yomaliza yoyikapo matope opangidwa ndi gypsum wopepuka zonse zimawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium citrate zomwe zili, koma kuwonjezereka kwa nthawi yoyika kumakhala kochepa.Pamene sodium citrate yokhutira ndi 0.3%, nthawi yoyamba yokhazikitsa imatalikitsa 28min, ndipo nthawi yomaliza yomaliza inatalikitsidwa ndi 33min.Kutalikitsa kwa nthawi yoikika kungakhale chifukwa cha malo akuluakulu a gypsum desulfurized, omwe amatha kuyamwa retarder kuzungulira gypsum particles, potero kuchepetsa kusungunuka kwa gypsum ndi kulepheretsa crystallization ya gypsum, zomwe zimachititsa kuti gypsum slurry asathe. kupanga dongosolo lokhazikika.Kutalikitsa nthawi yokhazikitsa gypsum.
2.4 Zotsatira za cellulose ether zomwe zili pamakina a gypsum wopepuka wopukutidwa
Mlingo wonse wa ufa wa gypsum, ufa wa laimu ndi opepuka ndi 100%, ndipo mlingo wa ufa wokhazikika wa gypsum, ufa wa laimu, wopepuka wopepuka komanso wobwezeretsa umakhala wosasinthika.Pamene mlingo wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi 0, 0.1%, 0.2% ndi 0.4%, flexural ndi compressive mphamvu zotsatira kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope.
Pa zaka 1d, mphamvu flexural kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope anayamba kuchuluka kenako anachepa ndi kuwonjezeka hydroxypropyl methylcellulose okhutira;ali ndi zaka 28, mphamvu yosunthika ya kuwala kopangidwa ndi matope a gypsum ndi kuchuluka kwa zomwe zili mu hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, mphamvu ya flexural inasonyeza kuti poyamba kuchepa, kenaka kumawonjezeka ndiyeno kuchepa.Pamene zili hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi 0.2%, mphamvu flexural kufika pazipita, ndi kuposa mphamvu lolingana pamene zili mapadi ndi 0. Mosasamala zaka 1d kapena 28d, compressive mphamvu kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope amachepetsa ndi kuwonjezeka kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, ndipo kutsika kofananirako kumawonekera kwambiri pa 28d.Izi ndichifukwa choti ether ya cellulose imakhala ndi kusungirako madzi ndi kukhuthala, ndipo kufunikira kwamadzi pakukhazikika kwanthawi zonse kudzawonjezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa cellulose ether, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chiŵerengero cha simenti chamadzi chiwonjezeke, potero kuchepetsa mphamvu. mawonekedwe a gypsum.
3 Mapeto
(1) Digiri ya hydration ya desulfurized gypsum imakhala yokwanira ndi zaka.Ndi kuchuluka kwa ufa wa gypsum wa desulfurized, mphamvu yosinthika komanso yopondereza ya gypsum yopepuka yopepuka idawonetsa kukwera konseko, koma kuwonjezeka kunali kochepa.
+ mphamvu.
(3) Ndi kuchuluka kwa sodium citrate okhutira, koyambirira akhazikitsidwe nthawi ndi komaliza kuika nthawi kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope ndi yaitali, koma pamene zili sodium citrate ndi yaing'ono, zotsatira pa kuika nthawi si zoonekeratu.
(4) Ndi kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose okhutira, mphamvu compressive kuwala pulasitala desulfurized gypsum matope amachepetsa, koma flexural mphamvu amasonyeza mchitidwe woyamba kuwonjezeka ndiyeno kuchepa pa 1d, ndipo pa 28d Anasonyeza mchitidwe kuchepa poyamba, ndiye kuwonjezeka kenako kucheperachepera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-02-2023