Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndi polima wosunthika wokhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mankhwala, chakudya, zomangamanga ndi zodzola.Zida zazikulu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga HPMC ndi cellulose ndi propylene oxide.
1. Ma cellulose: maziko a HPMC
1.1 Chidule cha cellulose
Cellulose ndi chakudya cham'mimba chomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la makoma a cell zobiriwira.Amakhala ndi maunyolo ozungulira a mamolekyu a glucose olumikizidwa pamodzi ndi ma β-1,4-glycosidic bond.Kuchuluka kwa magulu a hydroxyl mu cellulose kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera koyambira kaphatikizidwe kamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya cellulose, kuphatikiza HPMC.
1.2 Kugula ma cellulose
Ma cellulose amatha kupangidwa kuchokera kuzinthu zosiyanasiyana zakubzala, monga zamkati zamatabwa, ma linter a thonje, kapena mbewu zina zokhala ndi ulusi.Mitengo ya nkhuni ndi gwero lodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake, kutsika mtengo, komanso kukhazikika.Kuchotsa cellulose nthawi zambiri kumaphatikizapo kuthyola ulusi wa zomera pogwiritsa ntchito makina ndi mankhwala.
1.3 Kuyera ndi mawonekedwe
Ubwino ndi chiyero cha cellulose ndizofunikira pakuzindikira mawonekedwe a chomaliza cha HPMC.Ma cellulose apamwamba kwambiri amatsimikizira kuti HPMC imapangidwa ndi zinthu zofananira monga kukhuthala, kusungunuka komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta.
2. Propylene oxide: kuyambitsa gulu la hydroxypropyl
2.1 Chiyambi cha propylene oxide
Propylene oxide (PO) ndi organic pawiri ndi mankhwala chilinganizo C3H6O.Ndi epoxide, kutanthauza kuti ili ndi atomu ya oxygen yolumikizidwa ku maatomu awiri oyandikana nawo.Propylene oxide ndiye chinthu chofunikira kwambiri popanga hydroxypropyl cellulose, yomwe ndi yapakatikati popanga HPMC.
2.2 Njira ya Hydroxypropylation
Njira ya hydroxypropylation imakhudza momwe cellulose ndi propylene oxide imathandizira kuti magulu a hydroxypropyl alowe pamsana wa cellulose.Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pamaso pa chothandizira chofunikira.Magulu a Hydroxypropyl amapereka kusungunuka kwabwino ndi zinthu zina zofunika ku cellulose, zomwe zimapangitsa kupanga hydroxypropyl cellulose.
3. Methylation: Kuwonjezera magulu a methyl
3.1 Njira ya methylation
Pambuyo pa hydroxypropylation, sitepe yotsatira mu kaphatikizidwe ka HPMC ndi methylation.Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuyambitsa magulu a methyl pamsana wa cellulose.Methyl chloride ndi reagent yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochita izi.Mlingo wa methylation umakhudza zomwe zimapangidwa ndi HPMC yomaliza, kuphatikiza kukhuthala kwake ndi machitidwe a gel.
3.2 Digiri ya kusintha
Digiri ya m'malo (DS) ndiye gawo lofunikira pakuwerengera avareji ya zolowa m'malo (methyl ndi hydroxypropyl) pagawo la anhydroglucose mu tcheni cha cellulose.Njira yopangira imayang'aniridwa mosamala kuti ikwaniritse zomwe HPMC ikufuna.
4. Kuyeretsa ndi Kulamulira Kwabwino
4.1 Kuchotsa zinthu zina
The kaphatikizidwe wa HPMC zingachititse kuti mapangidwe ndi-mankhwala monga mchere kapena reagents unreacted.Njira zoyeretsera kuphatikizapo kutsuka ndi kusefera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa zonyansazi ndikuwonjezera chiyero cha mankhwala omaliza.
4.2 Njira zoyendetsera bwino
Njira zowongolera zowongolera bwino zimayendetsedwa munthawi yonse yopangira kuti zitsimikizire kusasinthika komanso mtundu wa HPMC.Njira zowunikira monga spectroscopy, chromatography ndi rheology zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa magawo monga kulemera kwa maselo, kuchuluka kwa m'malo ndi kukhuthala.
5. Makhalidwe a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)
5.1 Katundu wakuthupi
HPMC ndi ufa woyera mpaka woyera, wopanda fungo wokhala ndi mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri opangira mafilimu.Ndi hygroscopic ndipo imapanga gel owonekera mosavuta ikamwazikana m'madzi.The solubility wa HPMC zimadalira mlingo wa m'malo ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kutentha ndi pH.
5.2 Mapangidwe a Chemical
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a HPMC ali ndi msana wa cellulose wokhala ndi hydroxypropyl ndi methyl substituents.Chiŵerengero cha zoloŵa m'malozi, zomwe zikuwonetsedwa mu mlingo wa kulowetsedwa, zimatsimikizira kapangidwe ka mankhwala ndipo motero katundu wa HPMC.
5.3 Viscosity ndi rheological properties
HPMC imapezeka m'makalasi osiyanasiyana okhala ndi ma viscosity osiyanasiyana.The mamasukidwe akayendedwe a HPMC mayankho ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri ntchito monga mankhwala, kumene kumakhudza kumasulidwa mbiri ya mankhwala, ndi kumanga, kumene kumakhudza workability matope ndi phala.
5.4 Kupanga mafilimu ndi makulidwe
HPMC chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati filimu kale zokutira mankhwala ndi monga thickening wothandizira zosiyanasiyana formulations.Kuthekera kwake popanga filimu kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yofunikira pakupanga makina owongolera otulutsa mankhwala, pomwe kukhuthala kwake kumapangitsa kukhazikika komanso kukhazikika kwazinthu zambiri.
6. Kugwiritsa ntchito hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
6.1 Makampani opanga mankhwala
M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mafomu olimba akamwa monga mapiritsi ndi makapisozi.Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati binder, disintegrant ndi kupaka mafilimu.Zomwe zimayendetsedwa-zotulutsidwa za HPMC zimathandizira kugwiritsa ntchito kwake pamapangidwe otulutsidwa mosalekeza.
6.2 Makampani omanga
Pazomangamanga, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira madzi, chowonjezera komanso zomatira muzinthu zopangidwa ndi simenti.Imawonjezera kugwira ntchito kwa matope, imalepheretsa kugwedezeka kwa ntchito zoyima, ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito onse a zomangira.
6.3 Makampani azakudya
HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani azakudya monga thickener, stabilizer ndi emulsifier.Kuthekera kwake kupanga ma gels pamiyeso yotsika kumapangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma sosi, mavalidwe ndi zokometsera.
6.4 Zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zosamalira munthu
Mu zodzoladzola ndi zinthu zosamalira anthu, HPMC imapezeka mumitundu yosiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mafuta opaka, mafuta odzola ndi ma shampoos.Zimathandizira kukonza mawonekedwe, kukhazikika komanso magwiridwe antchito onse azinthu izi.
6.5 Mafakitale ena
Kusinthasintha kwa HPMC kumafikira ku mafakitale ena, kuphatikiza nsalu, utoto ndi zomatira, komwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosinthira cha rheology, chosungira madzi ndi thickener.
7. Mapeto
Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose ndi polima wosunthika wokhala ndi ntchito zambiri.Kaphatikizidwe kake kamagwiritsa ntchito cellulose ndi propylene oxide monga zida zazikulu, ndipo mapadi amasinthidwa kudzera munjira za hydroxypropylation ndi methylation.Kuwongolera zopangira izi ndi zinthu zomwe zimachitikira zimatha kutulutsa HPMC yokhala ndi makonda makonda kuti ikwaniritse zosowa zamakampani.Chifukwa chake, HPMC imatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndi magwiridwe antchito azinthu m'mafakitale onse.Kufufuza kosalekeza kwa mapulogalamu atsopano komanso kukonza njira zopangira zinthu kumathandiza HPMC kuti ipitilize kugwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-28-2023